Pomeroy and Newark Rail Line Facts
⇒ Rail service between Pomeroy, PA and Newark, DE began in May of 1873.
⇒ The rail line between Newark and Pomeroy included 65 bridges. It follows the bank of the White Clay Creek . . . — — Map (db m238437) HM
On a mild winter day, two young boys run along the bank of the Brandywine River. Above them, a train rattles across the B & O Railroad Bridge. — — Map (db m216045) HM
Union Station, across First Street, was the worlds largest railroad terminal when it opened in 1907. Its construction took five years and displaced hundreds of small houses and businesses. Architect Daniel Burnhams Beaux-Arts masterpiece, . . . — — Map (db m71678) HM
The arrival of modern transportation after the Civil War transformed Anacostia. The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad opened a branch line along the river here in 1874, bringing industry. Two years later businessman and developer Henry Griswold . . . — — Map (db m130721) HM
Peter Cooper races his steam locomotive Tom Thumb against the horse-drawn B&O Railroad. Within a year, the B&O is an all-steam railroad. — — Map (db m112742) HM
As early as the 1830s the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad had invented the two-truck car. The design consisted of two sets of trucks or wheel housings, that held two axles each, for a total of eight wheels on each car. Springs were mounted in-between . . . — — Map (db m94153) HM
Mission Revival Style depot, built 1906, restored 1990; part of Washington Commercial Historic District. Link to city's trading and industrial history, with substantial railroad machine shops and car works. Indiana stop of former President Dwight D. . . . — — Map (db m23214) HM
1802 - - Village of Lawrenceburgh founded in the Wilderness by Capt. Samuel C. Vance
Commerce and travel are via the Ohio River. Pioneers
constructed flatboats to carry goods to New Orleans
Markets. The “Kaintucks” . . . — — Map (db m22029) HM
This Queen Anne style train depot,
built by the railway company
c.1900, served passengers on the
Saint Louis Division of the
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad
until 1972. This brick depot
replaced an earlier wood frame
depot from c. 1850. — — Map (db m222840) HM
Abner Turner Ellis, a Borough President, Probate
Judge, and State Senator, promoted the Charter of
Ohio & Miss. R. R. (later a part of B & O) and was
its first president. His stately home was built by John Moore about 1838.
Abraham Lincoln . . . — — Map (db m23286) HM
Built in 1910, just four years after the city was founded, the station is located between the elevated lines of the Norfolk Southern and CSX Railroads. The station transported the thousands of workers who came from around the country to work in . . . — — Map (db m236260) HM
A log chapel dedicated to St. Mary was built on this site in 1791. The first parishioners were mostly English Catholics from Southern Maryland. A brick church replaced the log building in 1939. Cumberland became a major center of transportation and . . . — — Map (db m134394) HM
About this sign
The outline drawing above represents the heritage-themed mural to your right. The mural is organized chronologically into sections. Each section is described here, with accompanying historic images..
. . . — — Map (db m259330) HM
In 1749 Christopher Gist, an agent for the Ohio Company, arrived at the junction of the Wills Creek and the North Branch of the Potomac River to erect a trading post. In anticipation of the French and Indian War a fort was constructed in 1754 . . . — — Map (db m139113) HM
Downtown Cumberland
The Flood of March 29, 1924 inflicted almost $5 million worth of destruction in the City of Cumberland. Telephone, telegraph, roads and electric wires were washed away. Though not as bad, another flood occurred on May 12th . . . — — Map (db m252248) HM
Will's Creek Settlement, later known as Cumberland, served as a major gateway for trade, military campaigns against the French, and settlement beyond the mountains in our growing nation. "The New Storehouses" of the Ohio Company were across the . . . — — Map (db m259329) HM
In June 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee ordered Gen. John D. Imboden to protect the army's left flank as it marched north through the Shenandoah Valley. Imboden was to draw Union forces into Hampshire County, West Virginia, and destroy . . . — — Map (db m253485) HM
Independence Day, July 4th, 1828, would be an important day for Cumberland, Maryland. On that day, far to the east, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad both broke ground. The finish line of these companies' race was the . . . — — Map (db m67478) HM
This monument was erected in memory of the Irish laborers who died building the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
1828 – 1850 — — Map (db m140190) HM
Robert Moses "Lefty" Grove was born in the Charlestown section of Lonaconing, Md., on March 6, 1900, to John and Emma Catherine (Beeman) Grove. Raised in a coal mining community during times of desperate poverty, young Grove had to abandon his . . . — — Map (db m167364) HM
The Arundel-on-the-Bay (AOTB) community began on August 6, 1890.
In 1892 two railroads allowed AOTB commuters to travel to Baltimore and Washington in less than one hour and forty-five minutes at a cost of $1.20.
The AOTB railroad . . . — — Map (db m288646) HM
Capt. John O'Donnell, considered the founder of Canton, made his fortune trading in East Asia. Around 1875, he settled in the Canton area and named his plantation after the port city of Canton, China. Capt. O'Donnell became an enslaver, and the . . . — — Map (db m212897) HM
For more than one hundred years Carroll Park has served the historic Washington Village/Pigtown neighborhood, whose rowhouses once provided lodging for workers employed at the B&O Railroad, streetcar maintenance barns across the street (now used . . . — — Map (db m220061) HM
Wendel Bollman, one of a handful of men who transformed bridge-building from an art into a science, was born on this site to German parents on January 21, 1814.
Largely self-educated, Bollman acquired his engineering knowledge and experience at . . . — — Map (db m7038) HM
The Carrollton Viaduct carried the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad over the Gwynns Falls, its first malor stream crossing as it headed west from its Pratt Street terminus Completed in 1829, the 300-foot stone span is named for Charles Carroll of . . . — — Map (db m6391) HM
Here on April 19, 1861 at 11 A.M. the Sixth Regiment of Massachusetts Infantry commanded by Colonel Edward F. Jones, detrained on its way to the relief of Washington City. The first nine cars were safely drawn to the Camden Street Station of the . . . — — Map (db m60937) HM
The story of Baltimore's port is older than the city itself. In 1706two decades before the founding of BaltimoreMaryland's colonial legislators designated Whetstone Point, near where Fort McHenry now sits, as an official port of entry for the . . . — — Map (db m282055) HM
Discover Heritage Walk, a 3.2 mile walking trail through four fascinating centuries. Within a compact area, Heritage Walk connects some 20 historic sites and museums, traversing four city districts of remarkable diversity and significance. . . . — — Map (db m201646) HM
The Friends Meeting House is the oldest religious building in Baltimore. In 1781, the Patapsco Friends Meeting, formerly located on Harford Road two miles north of the Inner Harbor, moved to this site. In 1784 a group of Quakers established a school . . . — — Map (db m6282) HM
Mount Vernon Cultural District
Mount Vernon Cultural District provides an unequaled richness of cultural experience. Since the founding of the Peabody Institute in 1857, Mount Vernon has enjoyed a continuing association with the arts. . . . — — Map (db m248771) HM
Baltimore served as a major transportation center for the Mid Atlantic and beyond starting in the 1820s. Birthplace of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad in 1827, Baltimore was also a hub for the Western Maryland Railway (1852-1983), Baltimore and . . . — — Map (db m265751) HM
A monument to the golden era of rail travel, the Mount Royal Station enjoys a special place in the history of Baltimore and the nationthe home of the Baltimore & Ohio (B&O) Railroad and birthplace of American railroading. The history of the B&O . . . — — Map (db m208442) HM
By the middle of the twentieth century, the Mount Royal Station fell victim to the rise of the automobile and the decline of passenger rail service nationwide. The historic buildings deterioration threatened the future of the Mount Royal area, . . . — — Map (db m208444) HM
Celebrating Culture: The Heart of the City
Mount Vernon Place celebrates Baltimores rich cultural heritage, offering an extraordinary array of historic architecture, monuments, sculpture and cultural Institutions. The Washington Monument . . . — — Map (db m170979) HM
Hotel Revival stands in the historic district of Mount Vernon, a cultural hub and one of Baltimore's most iconic neighborhoods.
Formerly a private mansion, 101 W. Monument St. was the house of John W. Garrett, founder of the B&O Railroad, . . . — — Map (db m131341) HM
Railroads built office cars for officials directors, stockholders, and other wealthy patrons as early as the 1840s. Used for right-of-way inspection trips and other business travel, these rolling offices provided an observation platform, . . . — — Map (db m135963) HM
The
National Railway Historical Society
honors the
B&O Railroad Museum
on the 175th anniversary of beginning
construction of the
Baltimore & Ohio Railroad
on July 4, 1828
The museum is commended in its efforts to . . . — — Map (db m135945) HM
You are standing on the site of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroads Mount Clare Shops, a large industrial complex critical to maintaining every aspect of the railroads daily operations. Because of their strategic importance, the shops were among . . . — — Map (db m60965) HM
Located approximately one mile west along the B&O Railroad's right-of-way was the site of Baltimore's largest Civil War training camp. Known variously throughout the War as Camp Carroll and Camp Cheesebrough, it was located on property once owned . . . — — Map (db m135970) HM
This tablet is placed here in recognition of the enormous contribution made by
CSX Corporation
to the understanding and preservation of America's Railroad Legacy by its establishment of the B&O Railroad Museum as an independent and . . . — — Map (db m135947) HM
You are standing on the original right-of-way of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, the nations first commercial railroad to handle both freight and passenger service. This right-of-way stands on land donated to the railroad by James Carroll the . . . — — Map (db m135965) HM
This Stone presented by the Stone Cutters of Baltimore, in commemoration of the commencement of the Baltimore and Ohio rail road, was here placed on the Fourth of July, 1828, by the Grand Lodge of Maryland, assisted by Charles Carroll of Carrollton, . . . — — Map (db m243537) HM
Jim Caskey, who lived at 523 Scott Street, served his Southwest Baltimore neighbors in many ways. He co-founded and long served as Treasurer of the South Baltimore Federal Credit Union, which for many years was located in this building, 788 . . . — — Map (db m103204) HM
On 27 June 1895, at the nearby Howard Street Tunnel, the B&O demonstrated the first electrified main line railroad, and commercial operation began four days later. The electrification involved designing, engineering, and constructing electric . . . — — Map (db m135948) HM
The Mount Clare shops of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in front of you, built in the 1830s, were part of the B&O Railroad's nerve center during the Civil War, and the rail system was vital to Union victory. Imagine the shops shrouded in the . . . — — Map (db m243530) HM
For several decades in the early 1800s, thousands of Conestoga Wagons, ships of inland commerce, ruled the National Road. With their sloping bodies, wheels taller than a man and six-horse teams skillfully maneuvered with a single jerk line, . . . — — Map (db m5705) HM
Here in 1830, passengers on B&O horse-drawn cars stopped to eat at the Relay House.
Meanwhile, the relays of horses were changed for the remainder of the 13 mile journey between Baltimore and Ellicotts Mills, hence the name Relay.
In 1835, a . . . — — Map (db m2502) HM
The National Road was the first American highway funded by Congress. Construction began in 1811 for a 620-mile route starting at Cumberland, Maryland, and, by 1841, extending to Vandalia, IL. Designed for stagecoaches and Conestoga wagons taking . . . — — Map (db m243533) HM
The Underground Railroad was a network of American abolitionists who aided and sheltered 100,000 African Americans seeking freedom from enslavement in the South. These Freedom Seekers often journeyed north by land, and many crossed into the free . . . — — Map (db m243532) HM
Prior to World War I, a small percentage of women worked for railroad companies as maids, car cleaners, and telegraph operators. The B&O hired its first women as car cleaners in 1855. As men left to fight overseas in the world wars however, the . . . — — Map (db m135944) HM
Is named for Baltimore's 19th Maror, Thomas Swann (1856-1860), who was the 33rd Governor of Maryland (1886-1869), and served in the U.S. House of Representatives (1869-1879). As a Congressman, he represented the 3rd and then the 4th Congressional . . . — — Map (db m212912) HM
Westport is one of the oldest communities in Baltimore. Settlers established farms here as early as 1675. The Baltimore Iron Works Company formed in the 1730s, established a pattern of growth that included industrial development, followed by . . . — — Map (db m212918) HM
On April 19, 1861, Confederate sympathizers attacked the 6th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment as it changed trains en route to Washington, which the secessionists hoped to isolate. To learn more about the Baltimore Riot, the citys role . . . — — Map (db m37538) HM
The first national strike began July 16, 1877, with Baltimore and Ohio Railroad workers in Martinsburg, West Virginia, and Baltimore Maryland. It spread across the nation halting rail traffic and closing factories in reaction to widespread worker . . . — — Map (db m63862) HM
"Make easy the way for them and then see what an influx of articles will be poured upon us." - George Washington, 1786
You are standing on the original roadbed of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, North America's first common-carrier . . . — — Map (db m8874) HM
"Any Monday morning one could hear the beginnings of the stir of activity as the heavy machinery in the mill started to move, gather speed and settle into a steady rhythmic rumble which was maintained at the same rate day and night . . . — — Map (db m8871) HM
Established 1772 by the three Ellicott brothers from Bucks County, Pennsylvania. They opened the road from here to Baltimore. The B. and O. R. R. was completed to this point May 20, 1830. — — Map (db m175) HM
On this site in 1830 a hotel with a waiting room and ticket office was built to serve passengers of the B & O Railroad. Here horses were changed for the final 5-mile trip to Ellicott Mills. Hence the name Relay House. As the B & O Railroad grew the . . . — — Map (db m103010) HM
Beginning in 1873, the picturesque Viaduct Station Hotel complimented the Thomas Viaduct. The Viaduct Hotel was built in the town of Relay as a rural vacation spot and a comfortable place for passangers to change trains. The hotel was a . . . — — Map (db m8833) HM
Before you stands the thomas Viaduct, named after Philip E. Thomas, the first president of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad. This unique bridge has become an enduring symbol of the B&O Railroad and the Patapsco Valley, surviving several floods and . . . — — Map (db m8834) HM
Front
Commenced, July 4th, 1833.
Finished, July 4th, 1835.
Rear
Johnathan Knight,
Chief Engineer
Caspar W. Wever,
Superintendent of Construction.
Designed by
Benjamin H. Latrobe. . . . — — Map (db m127) HM
This red bobsled, made of wood, was one of the many 'vehicles' used by children and adults in Mount Airy to ride down a snow-covered Main Street. The ride would begin up at Pine Grove Chapel. It would take you down South Main Street to Hood Street . . . — — Map (db m199364) HM
We hope you will enjoy our small town and the friendly atmosphere our community offers. We pride ourselves on Mt. Airy's small-town charm, first-rate businesses, family-friendly neighborhoods with excellent sports and other activities, stable . . . — — Map (db m199371) HM
Mount Airy was first settled along what is now Ridgeville Boulevard. With the construction of the Old National Pike (Route 40) in the 1730s, Ridgeville became a rest stop and overnight lodging for travelers on the road. In 1831 the Baltimore and . . . — — Map (db m199372) HM
This was originally the site of the Runkles Mill, pictured above. Marion V. Runkles purchased this building, which was located behind the mill, in 1919 to use as storage for the mill. It was later used as a railyard storage building. After the . . . — — Map (db m251986) HM
From the late 1800s to the mid-1960s, Mount Airy was a busy farming community. The B&O Railroad carried commodities from Mount Airy to market, and carried needed manufactured goods into Mount Airy. A grain mill was always one of the centers of . . . — — Map (db m251984) HM
From the late 1800s to the mid-1960s, Mount Airy was a busy farming community. The B&O Railroad carried commodities from Mount Airy to market, and carried needed manufactured goods into Mount Airy. A grain mill was always one of the centers of . . . — — Map (db m98472) HM
In Mount Airy, Maryland, there were three named hills. One was "School Hill," which went from the old school, now Mount Airy Elementary School, down Main Street to Prospect Road. Another was "Ridgeville Hill" that went from Main Street down . . . — — Map (db m199362) HM
This building was originally constructed in 1957 on land owned by the B&O Railroad. It was built by Ira Watkins as the Lynn Shop, which sold ladies and children's clothes. Since then, this building has been home to:
On this site in front of you (where the caboose now stands) was once the original store and tavern established by Henry Bussard in 1837. The store served the local community on Parr's Ridge, and provided a rest stop for weary travelers upon the . . . — — Map (db m251981) HM
This site was once the Mount Airy rail yard. Passenger trains stopped here to pick up and drop off passengers at the Mount Airy Station. Children from Watersville and other nearby communities would ride the train to attend school in Mount Airy. . . . — — Map (db m98471) HM
The Mount Airy Railroad Station was designed by the famed train and train station designer E. Francis Baldwin. It was built by the B&O Railroad, and served the railroad from 1875 until August 15, 1957. Afterwards, it provided space for a number . . . — — Map (db m98470) HM
In 1839, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad extended its line through Mount Airy Cut, and a village soon developed here. During the Civil War, Co. K, 14th New Jersey Infantry, guarded the railroad and National Road at Mount Airy. Pine Grove Chapel, . . . — — Map (db m201590) HM
Here at Milestone 31, about 130 feet southeast of its original location, the Baltimore and Frederick-Town Turnpike created two towns as it moved west. Both Parrsville and Ridgeville are now a part of Mount Airy. Parrsville, to the east, was . . . — — Map (db m4933) HM
Here at Milestone 31, about 130 feet southeast of its original location, the Baltimore and Frederick-Town Turnpike created two towns as it moved west. Both Parrsville and Ridgeville are now a part of Mount Airy. Parrsville, to the east, was . . . — — Map (db m251978) HM
Roads are a record of those who have gone before.
Rebecca Solnit
Monocacy has always served as an important crossroads. Here, you'll travel along the same routes used by Civil War soldiers and . . . — — Map (db m213596) HM
Berlin grew up next to the C&O Canal and the Potomac River, major routes to the developing West. The large parking lot you see across the railroad tracks was the original location of the town.
The town featured a three-story opera house . . . — — Map (db m289682) HM
The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad
The Railroad Past and Present
The railroad arrived in 1834, but its major impact on the town of Berlin (as it was then known) occurred fifty years later when the Baltimore & Ohio (B&O) . . . — — Map (db m103428) HM
Founded in 1787, the C&O Canal and B&O Railroad arrived in Berlin ca. 1830. Renamed Brunswick in 1890, the town supported significant rail infrastructure, an expansive network of tracks, a round house with a turntable, and a railroad station . . . — — Map (db m289674) HM
In his second term as mayor in 1910, Dr. Arlington G. Horine, M.D., built a home and drug store that is arguably the showpiece of Brunswick's Square Corner.
Having established his first pharmacy in the "town between the tracks" in 1890, . . . — — Map (db m289678) HM
The Brunswick Railroad Museum and the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal National Historic Park Visitor Center exist side by side today, just as the transportation modes did when first arriving here in 1834. However, the early relationship between canal . . . — — Map (db m60881) HM
(below the window) Preserve the memory of train crew by ringing this bell for Ricky, Jimmy and Jim.
(above the window) The bricks which make up the base of the bell memorial came from the B & O roundhouse that once stood in . . . — — Map (db m1981) HM
At this intersection, President Abraham Lincoln spoke from a railroad car platform to Frederick residents assembled in the streets on October 4, 1862. He had just returned from viewing the battlefields of South Mountain and Antietam and had . . . — — Map (db m60166) HM
The Lower Depot Neighborhood The railroad transformed 19th century America, facilitating long-distance travel and the efficient transfer of raw materials to factories and agricultural and manufactured goods to markets. For Frederick this . . . — — Map (db m2823) HM
This [railroad] company was met by the most decided and inveterate opposition, on the part of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company. Philip E. Thomas, President, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company The proximity of railroad tracks by the . . . — — Map (db m7661) HM
Completed in 1837, Lockhouse 28 stands where fierce competition between the C&O Canal and the B&O Railroad brought both to a standstill. Both sides fought long and hard in the race to reach the Ohio River valley and control mid-Atlantic western . . . — — Map (db m100779) HM
In mid-June 1863, with rumors of a pending reinvasion of Maryland by Confederate forces, most Baltimore and Ohio trains stopped running past here. As tension mounted, the New York Times reported that no trains were departing Baltimore, “except . . . — — Map (db m743) HM
The rail line immediately before you served as an important means of supply and communication during the Civil War (the station, and tracks to Washington, D.C., on the southern or right side of the station were built later). Here at Point of Rocks, . . . — — Map (db m744) HM
In 1832, Point of Rocks served as the western terminus for the C&O Canal and the B&O Railroad. This was not deliberate, but the result of competition as the transportation pioneers wrangled in court for rights to the narrow passage between the . . . — — Map (db m59743) HM
The "Point of Rocks" has long served as a distinguishing landmark along the Potomac River. Native Americans, and later colonial settlers and traders, used the vicinity as a home and transportation corridor. River transportation and improvements . . . — — Map (db m168024) HM
The Chesapeake & Ohio Canal was an ambitious project to provide access from the east coast into the rapidly developing western areas of the United States. Construction on the C&O Canal began July 4, 1828. It originated in Georgetown (Washington, . . . — — Map (db m168027) HM
The "Point of Rocks" has long served as a distinguishing natural feature for Native Americans residing and traveling through the region. Until the Treaty of Albany in 1722, including English state representatives and Iroquois Nations, the area . . . — — Map (db m168028) HM
The B&O rail line served as an important means of supply and communication during the Civil War (the station and tracks to Washington, D.C., on the southern or right side of the station were built later).
At Point of Rocks, the Baltimore & . . . — — Map (db m168030) HM
The arrival of the B&O Railroad in Point of Rocks would have a major impact on the future development of the town. The first train arrived on April 23, 1832, and Point of Rocks remained the terminus of the Old Main Line for three years. Continued . . . — — Map (db m168032) HM
President Grover Cleveland and his bride, the former Frances Folsom, arrived here the day following their White House wedding on June 2, 1886. They spent their honeymoon at this Deer Park Hotel cottage. — — Map (db m470) HM
Built by the B&O Railroad, opened July 4, 1873 and operated until 1929. Razed 1942. This was one of the most exclusive mountain resorts in the east. Many nationally prominent people, including four United States Presidents, were guests here. — — Map (db m5413) HM
The Confluence and Oakland Railroad (C&O) was completed between Confluence, PA and Friendsville. Upon completion, it was leased to the B&O Railroad for 99 years. In Confluence it connected with the B&O Baltimore, Pittsburgh and Chicago Railways. . . . — — Map (db m134353) HM
Delaware, Algonquian, and Shawnee migrated spring through fall in camps on paths worn by migrating game Fur traders followed, then settlers. Garrett County, Maryland was officially established in 1872 from Allegany County, with the town of . . . — — Map (db m275654) HM
Absolutely crucial to the success of the unique town of Mountain Lake Park was without question its B&O Railroad station, the point at which hundreds of summer residents and visitors, after departing the extreme heat and humidity of . . . — — Map (db m252251) HM
No long farewell embraces,
No time to say goodbye,
You were gone before we knew it.
And no matter how we try,
Our tears cant build a stairway,
Nor our memories a lane,
That reaches up to Heaven,
To bring you home . . . — — Map (db m274533) HM
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