Frank B. Butler and his company College Park Realty Co. established Butler's Beach Subdivision in 1947. At that time, it was the only African-American beach between American Beach in Duval County and Daytona Beach in Volusia County. Butler's Beach . . . — — Map (db m230268) HM
Butler was heavily involved in local politics to ensure that African-American citizens in St. Johns County had a voice in elections. In 1964, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. and his associates Andrew Young, Ralph Abernathy and C.T. Vivian, stayed at . . . — — Map (db m230269) HM
In 1927, Frank B. Butler began purchasing properties on Anastasia Island, eventually expanding his land holdings from the Matanzas River to the Atlantic Ocean. Butler operated the Sea Breeze Kaseno, Butler's Inn, and developed a residential . . . — — Map (db m230219) HM
In 1927, Frank B. Butler began purchasing properties on Anastasia Island, eventually expanding his land holdings from the Matanzas River to the Atlantic Ocean. Butler operated the Sea Breeze Kaseno, Butler's Inn, and developed a residential . . . — — Map (db m230221) HM
In front of you beyond the marsh grass, flows the Matanzas River, an arm of the ocean beginning just to the south at Matanzas Inlet. Even in its earliest colonial days, this river was an important water approach to the Spanish town of St. Augustine, . . . — — Map (db m230272) HM
Old World Showdown (English)
One of the first colonial conflicts between European nations happened near here in 1565. Spain had already claimed Florida when France established Fort Caroline near present-day Jacksonville. This . . . — — Map (db m127497) HM
There are at least ten known historical and archeological sites that are located in the vicinity of Southeast Intracoastal Waterway Park. These sites contain food waste piles, known as shell middens, which are scattered with artifacts that date . . . — — Map (db m230571) HM
Throughout the 1800s and into the early 1900s, the turpentine industry was based in the Carolinas, Georgia and throughout Northern Florida. Workers gashed pine trees to harvest resin, which was processed and used in a multitude of products. The . . . — — Map (db m240768) HM
Starting in the coastal Mid-Atlantic region in the mid-1800s, turpentine camps would move south as entire forests of pine were worked, leaving the trees with little to no sap production. By the late 1800s, turpentine production camps had reached . . . — — Map (db m240772) HM
The intact buildings and grounds of St. Ambrose Parish reflect the commitment of the Roman Catholic Church to reach small rural communities in Florida. Catholic Mass was first celebrated with settlers in a barn here at Moccasin Branch in the early . . . — — Map (db m101631) HM
"Beluthahatchee", as defined by noted author Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) is a mythical "Florida Shangra-la, where all unpleasantness is forgiven and forgotten." When Florida author/activist Stetson Kennedy moved here, the site was named and set . . . — — Map (db m230185) HM
"Beluthahatchee" as defined by noted author Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) is a mythical "Florida Shangri-la, where all unpleasantness is forgiven and forgotten." When Florida author/activist Stetson Kennedy (b. 1916) moved here, the site was named . . . — — Map (db m61584) HM
Beluthahatchee Park, located on the William Bartram Scenic Highway, is a 4-acre park located within the 70-acre tract of land purchased by Stetson Kennedy in 1948, after the 18-acre Beluthahatchee lake was created by impounding Mill Creek in 1945. . . . — — Map (db m230183) HM
History was made at Beluthahatchee during the latter half of the 20th century by both Stetson Kennedy and his frequent house guest, America's legendary fold(sp) balladeer Woody Guthrie who wrote the famous song, "This Land is Your Land." The final . . . — — Map (db m230184) HM
In 1766 on the banks of the St. Johns River at Little Florence Cove, William Bartram attempted to farm a 500-acre land grant. Bartram had spent much of the previous year exploring the new British Colony of East Florida with his father, John Bartram, . . . — — Map (db m48683) HM
Derrick Ramsey
(born Dec. 23, 1956)
Hastings, FL
As a quarterback and tight end at U.K., he won the 1976 SEC Championship. In the 1977 Peach Bowl, Ramsey was first-team all SEC and was third-team All American as QB at U.K. in 1977. . . . — — Map (db m166917) HM
The King's Road, an overland highway constructed during Florida's British Colonial period (1763-1784), once traversed the Double Bridges property at this location. The road spanned Pellicer Creek, Hulett Branch, and swamp wetlands over a system of . . . — — Map (db m224253) HM
Juan Ponce de León (c. 1474-1521), for whom Leon County, Florida, is named, was a Spanish explorer and adventurer. In April 1513, he made the first documented European landing on Florida's Atlantic coast, between present-day St. Augustine and . . . — — Map (db m289644) HM
Henry Flagler gained his fortune in the grain industry and then partnered with John D. Rockefeller to start Standard Oil. In the late 1800s Henry Flagler came to St. Augustine with his first wife to help with her ailing health. When Henry arrived, . . . — — Map (db m289645) HM
In 1890 Thomas Horace Hastings, a cousin of Henry Flagler, founded the settlement of Hastings. He built the first house and constructed greenhouses to raise early winter vegetables for Flagler’s hotels. The post office was established in 1891. . . . — — Map (db m72749) HM
The town of Hastings was named after Thomas Horace Hastings, a cousin of Henry Flagler. Hastings and other settlers moved to the area for the agricultural potential of this region, and the proximity to the St. Johns River and Deep Creek. In the . . . — — Map (db m216205) HM
Henry Flagler purchased short line railroads in the region and modified them to accommodate more freight and passenger traffic. By 1889, Flagler was offering service from Jacksonville to Daytona, after purchasing the St. Johns Railway, the St. . . . — — Map (db m240671) HM
John Henry “Pop” Lloyd
Born: April 25, 1884 in Palatka, FL
Asked to name the world’s greatest player, a St. Louis Sports writer in 1938 replied that in the majors, it was Babe Ruth, but in all of baseball, it was Lloyd. . . . — — Map (db m166919) HM
The Wetumpka Fruit Company, founded and headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts, became one of the largest agricultural businesses to plant citrus groves in St. Johns County. In 1881, George Waterman Leonard and his wife, Emma Jeanette Billings . . . — — Map (db m264432) HM
Stetson Kennedy Beluthahatchee Florida author and award-winning journalist and activist Stetson Kennedy (1916-2011) created Lake Beluthahatchee and its surrounding wildlife sanctuary. On this site Kennedy wrote portions or complete . . . — — Map (db m239883) HM
Beluthahatchee, which means "a place where all unpleasantness is forgiven and forgotten" offers unique cultural, educational, environmental, and musical programs to the public. This four-acre park was acquired in 2005 with Florida Forever Funds . . . — — Map (db m239884) HM
Palm Valley emerged from the area of St. Johns County known as Diego
Plains. Diego Plains was named during the First Spanish Period after Don
Diego Espinosa, who owned a large ranch in the area. The Spanish later
fortified Espinosa's ranch and . . . — — Map (db m274645) HM
The community of Palm Valley was established around 1901 and named for the abundance
of palm trees in the area. It was founded on land once owned by 18th century rancher Don
Diego Espinosa and known as Diego Plains. Although the area remained . . . — — Map (db m274646) HM
The light of freedom still burns brightly in our world today because
of the service and sacrifice of America’s men and women in uniform.
Our Nation’s servicemen and women have fought the forces of tyranny and
won victories for liberty, . . . — — Map (db m132565) WM
Here where the St. Johns River narrows, was a natural crossing used by Indians, and later by the Spaniards, in pushing west. A Spanish fort, built in 1700, protected the crossing and trail that led to Apalache, near Tallahassee. From 1836 to 1870, . . . — — Map (db m64001) HM
At Fort Picolata, Nov. 18, 1765,
William Bartram and his father John
saw Creek Indian Treaty signed and
began their Florida plants survey.
Erected by
The Wildflower Garden Club of District IV
In loving memory of Lorraine Ridge . . . — — Map (db m42235) HM
One of the principle economic activities during the First Spanish Period (1565-1763) was cattle ranching. Beginning in the middle of the 17th Century, Spanish governors issued large tracts of land to prominent families, hoping to encourage the . . . — — Map (db m230097) HM
In 1696 a small party of shipwrecked English passengers passed through Nocatee as they may (sp) their way northward to the English town of Charleston, South Carolina. The refugee group had wrecked near Jupiter Inlet and then walked to St. Augustine . . . — — Map (db m230126) HM
The Mickler family (pronounced MIKE-LER) has lived in this area of St. Johns County since the 1820s. The Micklers originally lived in an area known as Palm Valley, which got its name around 1901 and was named for the abundance of palms in the area. . . . — — Map (db m230124) HM
Like Mickler Road, the park is named in honor of the Micker family. The name is pronounced MIKE-LER. The Mickler Family has lived in St. Johns County since the 1820s and bult their home in the community of Palm Valley. In the 1930s, the Mickler . . . — — Map (db m230100) HM
One of the earliest towns established in this area of St. Johns County, was known as Mineral City. In 1912, mining engineers George Anson Pritchard and Henry Holland Buckman discovered valuable minerals in the sands of northeast St. Johns County. . . . — — Map (db m230122) HM
This site is believed by some historians to correspond with the offshore location where Juan Ponce de Leon calculated his fleet's position when he first sighted Florida. Ponce's fleet of three vessels set sail from Puerto Rico in early March 1513. . . . — — Map (db m93364) HM
In 1736 Diego de Espinosa owned a cattle ranch on Diego Plains, a flat, open area east of here.
For protection against Indians, his house was surrounded by a 15-foot high palisade with two bastions at opposite corners.
Manned later by Spanish . . . — — Map (db m100628) HM
In 1768, James Grant (1720-1806), Governor of British East Florida from 1763 to 1773, established Grant's Villa Plantation at the juncture of the Guana and North Rivers. Enslaved Africans cleared the 1,450-acre tract of land, planted indigo seeds, . . . — — Map (db m80967) HM
This rich hammock once covered with oaks, magnolias and especially palms was originally known as the Plains of Diego, after Don Diego de Espinosa, who built a small fort nearby in the 1730's. Around 1900, the community of Diego was renamed Palm . . . — — Map (db m157509) HM
World War II Operation Pastorius Nazi Saboteurs Landed Here
On the night of June 16, 1942, German U-boat U-584 landed four trained Nazi agents here dressed as American civilians. After burying four boxes containing explosives . . . — — Map (db m57383) HM
Many days pass as you travel through humid swamps and dense hammocks with the biting insects and fearsome alligators your only company. You are surprised to hear voices deep in the forest - few journey this far into the dangerous brush. But your . . . — — Map (db m289610) HM
General Bailey was born and once played in/shared the culture of the neighborhood of West Augustine, directed by his parents and the elementary school personnel. Born during the civil rights era which was spearheaded locally by Florida Memorial . . . — — Map (db m156555) HM
Fullerwood School was built in 1927 and is the only example in St. Augustine of the work of noted architect A. Ten Eyck Brown (1878-1940), famed for his courthouses, banks, and city halls in New Orleans, Miami and Atlanta. His name is on the . . . — — Map (db m40725) HM
This was the home of Mrs. Georgie Mae Reed (1926-1995), who took part in one of the most famous events in the civil rights movement that changed America and inspired the world.
On March 31, 1964, Mrs. Reed was one of five St. Augustine women who . . . — — Map (db m65420) HM
Leo C. Chase, Sr., who had previously managed the Huff Funeral Home in Lincolnville, opened one of the oldest businesses in St. Augustine, this funeral home in 1955. His son, Arnett Chase, took over after his father's death in 1977. Another son, . . . — — Map (db m40723) HM
The Ponce de Leon Shopping Center opened in 1955 as the first downtown shopping center in St. Augustine. It was designed by Morris Lapidus (1902-2001), Florida's most famous mid-twentieth century architect, and is the only example of his work in the . . . — — Map (db m7696) HM
This beach cottage attracted international attention in 1964, and a photograph taken here of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. pointing to a bullet hole in the window has become one of the iconic images of the civil rights movement. It was the winter . . . — — Map (db m40697) HM
57 Chapin Street was once the home of Willie Galimore (1935-1964), the most famous athlete to come from St. Augustine. A three-time Pittsburgh Courier All-American football player at Florida A & M University under the legendary coach Jake Gaither, . . . — — Map (db m7732) HM
This was the home of Rev. Roscoe Halyard and his wife Flora, both active participants in the civil rights movement of the 1960s. Rev. Halyard, who was associated with Zion Baptist Church and worked as a carpenter, made trips to both Tallahassee and . . . — — Map (db m21208) HM
This house was built in 2008 by Habitat for Humanity for one of the Ancient City's civil rights heroes, Audrey Nell Edwards. Along with JoeAnn Anderson Ulmer, Samuel White, and Willie Carl Singleton, she was one of the "St. Augustine Four." As . . . — — Map (db m40724) HM
Zion Baptist Church, with its distinctive double towers, was built in 1921 to house a congregation originally organized in 1886. It is the last house of worship passed by many funerals on their way to several nearby cemeteries, including the one . . . — — Map (db m7803) HM
Civil War Dead
An estimated 700,000 Union and Confederate soldiers died in the Civil War between April 1861 and April 1865. As the death toll rose, the U.S. government struggled with the urgent but unplanned need to bury fallen Union . . . — — Map (db m127668) HM
Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal.
Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that . . . — — Map (db m144126) HM WM
Fort Mose (Moh-Say) was a multicultural community of people originally from West and Central Africa, along with some Native Americans.
Some of the residents of Mose, like Francisco Menéndez, fought in the 1715 Yamasee War against the . . . — — Map (db m289706) HM
The body of water in front of you is the Atlantic Intracoastal Waterway (AICW). The Intracoastal Waterway is also known as the Marine I-95. The AICW is a marked continuous navigation channel that begins in Virginia and ends in Key West. The AICW . . . — — Map (db m143619) HM
A Spanish name for a flat-bottomed vessel that was prevalent throughout the colonial and territorial periods of the Southeast United States as early as 1602 until the late 19th century. The barca chata, sometimes called a scow, flatboat, or simply a . . . — — Map (db m289617) HM
In 1740, the English attacked St. Augustine, but departed after a bloody battle at Fort Mose.
Georgia Governor James Oglethorpe invaded Florida with a sizable force, including Lower Creeks and Uchise Indian allies. Fort Mose inhabitants . . . — — Map (db m126968) HM
Once in English Carolina, the enslaved Africans were forced into labor and had no legal standing and few rights.
Africans labored on indigo plantations, and as lumbermen and cattlemen. They produced materials for shipbuilding and cleared . . . — — Map (db m289677) HM
These two buildings, at 42 and 46 Bridge Street, are among the few Territorial Period buildings left in the city which represent the time period between 1821 and 1845. Antonio Canova purchased the property and built these structures for his sons. . . . — — Map (db m111551) HM
Building patterns were influenced by the royal decree of 1573 to situate buildings and walls along the street edge for defensive purposes. The Prince Murat house is one of the remaining Spanish Colonial buildings and is significant for its . . . — — Map (db m108318) HM
Stepping off the boat, you have finally made it to the bustling community of Fort Mose. Black men and women tend to their homes, prepare for battle and worship in their church. One figure stands out: your leader, Captain Francisco Menendez. He wears . . . — — Map (db m289605) HM
In 1837, Osceola (1804-1838) and several other Seminole representatives arrived at a location approximately one mile south of Fort Peyton to meet with the U.S. Government to begin peace negotiations, although the exact location is unknown. Osceola . . . — — Map (db m229718) HM
Pedro Horruytiner y Pueyo was the first documented owner of this house, a member of a prominent Spanish family. Don Pedro Benedit Horruytiner and Don Luis de Horruytiner were governors of Florida during the First Spanish Period (1565-1763). It . . . — — Map (db m111752) HM
Amidst the Rising Water
Just 250 years ago, during the occupation of Fort Mose, the area surrounding this boardwalk was dry land used for farms, ranches and forts. Human actions such as dredging, canal construction and development . . . — — Map (db m289633) HM
The institution's faculty and students actively participated in the civil rights struggle since its early origins in Live Oak, where violence was often directed against the school. Across the country, racial tensions continued to escalate during . . . — — Map (db m264437) HM
Soon after East Florida was transferred from Spain to the United States, the St. Johns County Clerk of Court was established here at the Governor's House.
The Clerk's responsibilities included recording court activities, property deeds and . . . — — Map (db m261929) HM
Closing the Door (English)
The Spanish built Fort Matanzas to protect the southern approach to St. Augustine. Spanish ships from Cuba used this waterway to resupply the town during the 1740 British siege. After the siege, they built this . . . — — Map (db m127495) HM
English Foundations of a Stone House Wooden boards sit atop and mark the coquina stone foundations of a building that formed the street corner for more than a century (circa 1740 - 1870). Constructed by Spanish residents, the . . . — — Map (db m188469) HM
The 1990 excavation of this coquina block well revealed furniture fragments from the 1600s, a rarity among St. Augustine's artifacts. Most likely, the well was built in the early 1600s and filled quickly about 1670 with household items from a . . . — — Map (db m93269) HM
The move to its present location in northwest Miami-Dade County proved successful for Florida Memorial College. In 1972, the college graduated the first class at the site.
The College celebrated its 100th anniversary in 1979 and . . . — — Map (db m264566) HM
The sounds of muskets and marching militia men signal the end of your flight to freedom. While your journey may have been a success, it is important to remember the hundreds of men, women and children who never made it to the safety of these walls. . . . — — Map (db m289704) HM
Designed and built by Franklin W. Smith, the Casa Monica Hotel opened in January 1888. The medieval Spanish style structure was one of the earliest multi-storied buildings in the United States constructed of poured concrete. In April 1888, Henry M. . . . — — Map (db m129656) HM
Crumbling Coquina
Fort Matanzas was built using coquina, a local limestone. This porous limestone is made from millions of seashells pressed together for thousands of years. The Spanish coated the fort walls with plaster made . . . — — Map (db m127498) HM
These three pyramids cover vaults containing the individually unidentified remains of 1468 soldiers of the Florida Indian Wars
1835-1842
The Florida Indian Wars began with the murder of an Indian agent at Fort King on December 25, 1835. . . . — — Map (db m77411) HM WM
Following the typical model of Spanish Colonial site planning, this structure is situated on the street edge and features coquina stone construction with a protective stucco finish. The exposed fireplace is a reminder of another structure that was . . . — — Map (db m108056) HM
The area around Pellicer Creek was granted to Spanish citizens, as early as the late 1770s. Pellicer Creek was known as Cano del Noroeste (North West Creek) in the First Spanish Period (1565 - 1763).
In the British Period (1763 - 1783) . . . — — Map (db m208078) HM
On the shore of Robinson Creek, ¼ mile east of this marker, was the site of a Spanish mission for Indians left homeless during Queen Anne's War. Since 1688, Negro slaves from the English colonies had found refuge in Spanish St. Augustine. On . . . — — Map (db m126969) HM WM
In 1693, Spain’s King Charles II proclaimed that any English slave who reached Spanish Florida would be granted freedom upon converting to Catholicism.
By sea and land, Africans fled to St. Augustine on a dangerous journey with a strong . . . — — Map (db m126966) HM
Spain ceded Florida to England in 1763, and Mose residents departed with other colonists for Cuba.
During Fort Mose's final years, life on the frontier grew more difficult. Constant attacks by English and Indian raiding parties drove . . . — — Map (db m289707) HM
Established in 1884 outside the city limits when St. Augustine closed its small urban graveyards due to overcrowding. Evergreen became the region's largest Protestant cemetery of the late 1800s and early 1900s. The design was strongly influenced by . . . — — Map (db m73842) HM
Built during St. Augustine's First Spanish Period (1565-1763), this house is
one of the city's oldest structures. The first documentary evidence of a
structure here appears on the 1764 de la Puente town map.
Initially crafted
with tabby, a . . . — — Map (db m305955) HM
A tabby interior wall provides evidence that a portion of this building remains from the First Spanish Period before coquina stone construction took its place. Tabby was a form of construction that produced a cement slurry with an aggregate of . . . — — Map (db m107452) HM
This house was already extant in 1763, when Spain ceded Florida to Great Britain. It was then a one-story, two-room, shingle-roofed coquina stone structure owned by Pedro Fernandez. A British owner added the loggia.
In 1784, when the Spanish . . . — — Map (db m77290) HM
The earliest houses on the Village grounds were built soon after St. Augustine was established in this general location in 1572 and throughout the following century. Most of the buildings that escaped the destructive effects of fire, hurricanes, rot . . . — — Map (db m285511) HM WM
Each year, the Florida National Guard celebrates the anniversary of the First Muster of Florida’s militia. Governor Pedro Menendez organized the first group
of Citizen Soldiers on September 16, 1565. — — Map (db m162988) WM
Fish Island is named for Jesse Fish, of British descent, who arrived in St. Augustine in 1736. Fish was a slave-owner and purchased enslaved Africans to work his groves and other properties, eventually owning at least 133 people. By the mid-1700s, . . . — — Map (db m229570) HM
Colonized by Spaniards, 1559 • Site of first settlement in U.S., 1565 • Acquired by U.S. from Spain, 1819 • Admitted as 27th state, 1845 • Now nation's fastest growing state • 1963 population 5,639,900 • State song ~ "Old Folks at Home" • State Bird . . . — — Map (db m5999) HM
The light of freedom still burns brightly in our world today because of the service and sacrifice of America’s men and women in uniform.
Our Nation’s servicemen and women have fought the forces of tyranny and won victories for liberty, human . . . — — Map (db m132468) WM
Founded 1879—Live Oak, Florida
Jacksonville, Florida—1892-1918
St. Augustine, Florida—1918-1968
Miami Gardens, Florida—1968-Present
Students of Florida Normal and Industrial Memorial College, in the early 1960s . . . — — Map (db m67672) HM
Ford Motor Company's first purpose-built plant was erected in 1904 on Piquette Street in Detroit, Michigan. Many early Ford models were built here but most notably the design and build of the Model T in 1908 and 1909. The first 12,000 Model T's were . . . — — Map (db m215910) HM
The Florida Baptist Academy moved to a large 110 acre tract two miles west of St. Augustine in 1918.
A high standard of leadership was set by Nathan White Collier, who served as both Principal and President from 1896 until his death in . . . — — Map (db m263123) HM
This building, designed by architect F. A. Hollingsworth, opened in 1953 as the St. Johns County Jail, replacing an earlier jail building on San Marco Avenue that subsequently became a tourist attraction. A decade later, this building played a . . . — — Map (db m40728) HM
The Spanish built Fort Matanzas in 1740-42 to control Matanzas inlet, the "back door" to St. Augustine.
Much earlier, in 1565, Spain had bloodily crushed here a French challenge to her control of Florida by killing the remnants of a French colony . . . — — Map (db m127607) HM
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