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Historical Markers and War Memorials in San Bernardino County, California
San Bernardino is the county seat for San Bernardino County
Adjacent to San Bernardino County, California
Inyo County(128) ► Kern County(332) ► Los Angeles County(1800) ► Orange County(441) ► Riverside County(220) ► La Paz County, Arizona(33) ► Mohave County, Arizona(100) ► Clark County, Nevada(183) ►
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Amboy, settled as early as 1858, became a water stop when the Southern Pacific Railroad laid its tracks through the Cadiz Valley in 1883-84. Following the course of the railroad and the National Old Trails Highway, Route 66 was opened in 1926. Amboy . . . — — Map (db m78532) HM
Amboy Crater, formed of ash and cinders, is 250 feet high and 1500 feet in diameter. The crater is in one of the youngest volcanic fields in the United States. Six distinct periods of eruptions created the resulting nested group of volcanic cinder . . . — — Map (db m78561) HM
Perhaps no other highway in the U.S. is as fabled as old Route 66. It has been immortalized in song, literature, and even a T.V. series as the main street of America. Automobiles came early to the desert, following the railroad with its reliable . . . — — Map (db m78574) HM
Founded in 1858, Amboy provided a vital rest stop for weary sun drenched travelers seeking a better life in California.
Amboy owned and operated by Juan Pollo restaurants — — Map (db m193157) HM
Six panels are mounted on a base, which tell the story of Route 66 . Reading from left to right - Panel 1: The Story of Route 66
Commissioned in 1926 and soon dubbed "The Mother Road," Route 66 was a great asphalt . . . — — Map (db m33446) HM
The Legend of Cap Jenks
Captain Lorin Shaw Jenks ("Cap Jenks") thought this area looked like a good place for a trout pond. In the 1870's, he built an earthen and log dam and diverted water from the South Fork of the Santa Ana River. The . . . — — Map (db m197549) HM
In 1932, during the Great Depression, California launched a large public works project to aid recovery. A major component was the construction of masonry walls, parapets and fountains along the historic "Rim of the World" highway. This work, widely . . . — — Map (db m51261) HM
The dry lake bed before you was once part of ancient Lake Mojave. During the last ice age, a cooler and wetter climate produced the Mojave River. It flowed inland about 150 miles from the San Bernardino Mountains, until its waters became trapped . . . — — Map (db m83467) HM
The waters here at Soda Springs have sustained people of many cultures for thousands of years. Nomadic Chemehuevi people and the agrarian Mohave Indians visited these springs during hunting, gathering, and trading trips through the area. Their . . . — — Map (db m83465) HM
Francis Marion "Borax" Smith built the railroad to move borax out of the hills and Death Valley in 1907 to replace the twenty mule teams that crossed this way to Ludlow. — — Map (db m123898) HM
Some 100 wagons found themselves in Salt Lake City too late to cross the Sierra Nevada. They banded together under the name of Sand Walking Co. and started for the gold fields in California over the old Spanish Trail. After being in Death Valley . . . — — Map (db m159400) HM
Marl Springs
Marl Springs was named in 1854 by Army Surveyor Lt. Amiel Whipple for the clay-like soil around the two waterholes. With the establishment of Fort Mojave in 1859, the Mojave (or Old Government) Road came into existence. Marl . . . — — Map (db m159025) HM
Though they comprise less than 9 percent of the 270 million acres of public lands administered by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, riparian and wetland areas, such as Salt Creek, are considered the most productive resources found on public lands. . . . — — Map (db m72926) HM
This area was the focus of both prehistoric...American activities and historic...mining. The rich environment provides...for numerous species.
Please...protect these natural and c... This ACEC is open for hiking and non...d vehicle use. . . . — — Map (db m72928) HM
In 1860 the U.S. Army established an outpost at Soda Springs to protect government supplies from Indians. Later, miners processed the adjacent lake minerals. In 1906 the Tonopah & Tidewater railroad arrived. From 1944 to 1974 Dr. Curtis H. Springer . . . — — Map (db m78587) HM
[Panel #1]
1776 - 1830: Early Explorers
Francisco Garces
1776 - As the Revolutionary War broke out, California was still a province of Spain, and the Spanish government decided to help feed a hungry Mexico by farming the . . . — — Map (db m83575) HM
Dedicated on this
Saturday, October 11, 2014,
to Willis and Barbara Herron,
original owners / founders of the
World’s Tallest Thermometer.
Facts:
Built in 1991, 134 feet tall,
representative of the world's hottest . . . — — Map (db m159379) HM
The Last Word and the Last Chance
In 1944, radio evangelist Curtis Howe Springer
filed a mining claim on public lands here at
Soda Springs and established Zzyzx Mineral
Springs resort. Over the next 30 years,
Springer transformed . . . — — Map (db m221075) HM
His Expedition for a transcontinental railroad, crossed the Colorado River on Feb. 27, 1854 and 3 weeks later reached Los Angeles, receiving aid from the Mojave Indians. The Atcheson, Topeka, & Santa Fe Railroad followed Whipple’s trail for much of . . . — — Map (db m50577) HM
Harvey Houses were legendary in the history of Western rail travel. Operated by Fred Harvey in conjunction with this Santa Fe Railway, the network of restaurant-hotels set a new standard in quality meal service. Barstow's Spanish-Moorish "Casa Del . . . — — Map (db m50666) HM
One of the finest surviving examples of California's depot-hotels built around the turn of the 19th century. It's also home to the Route 66 "Mother Road" Museum and the Western American Railroad Museum (W.A.R.M.).
Recognized by Hampton . . . — — Map (db m193156) HM
April 6, 1881, S.C. Warden, Hues Thomas and John C. King located claims on Calico Mountain and named it the Silver King Mine. Below there, the town of Calico grew from 100 people in the spring of 1882 to over 1,200 at the peak of the rush. . . . — — Map (db m108837) HM
In early 1776, he set out northward from Yuma Villages on the Colorado River on a journey that took him across the Mojave Desert to the Mission of San Gabriel. He was a master of finding guides who would escort him through their own lands. — — Map (db m50562) HM
Prehistory
Ancient hunters first wandered into the
Fort Irwin area over 10,000 years ago. They
hunted Late Pleistocene animals like the
giant mammoth with large fluted spear-points. These hunters and gatherers lived in
small . . . — — Map (db m192882) HM
In 1857, under orders to survey a wagon road from New Mexico to California, General Edward Beale followed the 35th parallel to paths opened by Francis Aubry and Lt. A.W. Whipple. Beale’s orders required importation of camels and drivers to . . . — — Map (db m50561) HM
He was “the Father of the US Calvary” and President Polk named him “Commander of the Army of the West”. In 1848 he went from Santa Fe, NM on to CA with 100 men on an arduous trip across our desert and on to a battle at San . . . — — Map (db m50576) HM
In 1826 he led a party of 17 men through the territory of the Mojave Indians, then west across our Great desert. During the trek, the heat became so intense that it forced him and his men to bury themselves in the sand to keep cool. They were the . . . — — Map (db m50571) HM
Called “Pathfinder”, he was known as the west’s greatest adventurer, noted for bravery and his meticulously recorded notes on vegetation and geography. On his 3rd expedition across California in 1845 he, along with Kit Carson, led the . . . — — Map (db m50572) HM
At 19, he was hired for an expedition to California. They traveled south of the Grand Canyon, crossed the Colorado, then followed the dry bed of the Mojave River and crossed the mountains at Cajon Pass to arrive at San Gabriel Mission in early 1830. . . . — — Map (db m50573) HM
Around the time of the Civil War, railroads were being built at a frantic pace. By the early 1870s there were 60,000 miles of track in the U.S., increasing to 250,000 by the 1930s. The war had produced a generation of young men used to living under . . . — — Map (db m114804) HM
You are now traveling the Old Mojave Trail, a natural riverbed highway.
First used by Ute, Mojave, Chemehuevi & Paiute Indians on the move.
1776 Padre Garces - missionary, explorer & martyr.
1826 Jedediah Smith - of Salt Lake City, . . . — — Map (db m231282) HM
The Mojave Indian Runners helped get messages and information to far flung villages. They could run up to 100 miles a day barefoot and only donned sandals on very rocky or spiney [sic] areas. A group of them met Capt. John Fremont in 1844 near where . . . — — Map (db m50542) HM
In the early 1920’s, an emigration to California started from the Midwest. Families packed up and headed West on National Old Trails Hwy., and proceeded right along Barstow’s Main street. The depression and dust storms of the 1930’s sent families to . . . — — Map (db m50530) HM
• In 1844, Captain John C. Fremont, accompanied by Kit Carson, was the first member of the US Army to visit the Fort Irwin area.
• 8 August 1940: Mojave Anti-Aircraft Range established by Franklin D. Roosevelt.
• 4 November 1942: Camp . . . — — Map (db m192890) HM
The Slash X Ranch was started in 1942 by Lee and Mary Berry. Lee was known as the "Cattle Baron" of the Mojave Desert. At its peak the Slash X ran about 3000 head of cattle. Mary, his wife, did not want drinking and carousing in her house. So using . . . — — Map (db m78519) HM
Previous to the building of Stoddard Wells Road, the primary route of travel between the Fish Ponds (present-day Daggett) and Little Meadows (present-day Victorville) was by way of the Mojave River and Lane's Crossing. Although it later became known . . . — — Map (db m92810) HM
With the discovery of gold in California in 1848, it’s statehood in 1850, and the resulting emigration to the west, the interest of the government in exploring a rail link to the Pacific became serious in the early 1850’s. Not only would a Pacific . . . — — Map (db m50558) HM
In the late 1800’s to 1930’s, rail travel was considered the choice of transportation, Fred Harvey had set up a string of dining rooms and boarding houses for Santa Fe passengers.
In 1911, Mr. Harvey opened million dollar “Casa Del . . . — — Map (db m50535) HM
The Southern Route of the Mormon Trail followed paths explored by Father Garces and Jedediah Smith. In 1848, Mormon Battalion Captain Jefferson Hunt trailed cattle to Utah on this trail. The Daniel Davis family, also of the Mormon Battalion, . . . — — Map (db m50580) HM
[Text from the bottom panels, left to right]
The first explorers kept detailed journals of their expeditions detailing the route taken and the friendly and hostile encounters with Indians along the way. Journals assisted those who followed . . . — — Map (db m50615) HM
In 1885, the California Southern R.R. Co. connected with the Atlantic and Pacific R.R. line on the Mojave River creating Waterman Junction.
Being named for Governor Waterman, owner of Waterman Mine and a mill nearby.
A post office was . . . — — Map (db m107132) HM
The stamp mill was an early machine
used to crush gold bearing ore.
Many miners were employed at the
large scale mines and Big Bear
was one of the many mining towns.
Gold Mountain and Rose mines were
the largest, having 40 stamps each
on . . . — — Map (db m197824) HM
Southern California's largest gold rush followed the discovery of rich placer deposits by William F. Holcomb and Ben Choteau on May 4, 1860. Miners rushed to the valley and established boom towns. Belleville, the largest, rivaled San Bernardino in . . . — — Map (db m50702) HM
This building was built by Guy Maltby of
Big Bear Valley Milling & Lumber Company in 1927-1928.
It was the original community market in
Big Bear City, & was sold to Frank & Freda Jakobi
who lived upstairs. It was replaced in 1936
with todays . . . — — Map (db m236792) HM
Originally located in Bear City Park, this
miniature Maltby building was once the golf
shack of the Peter Pan Woodland Club. The
club was known for its beautiful golf course,
pools, and equestrian trails. Builder Guy
Maltby was known for . . . — — Map (db m197826) HM
Founded in late 1859. Bellevill was named after Belle Van Dusen, the first child born in Holcomb Valley, she was the daughter of Ted Van Dusen, the town blacksmith and early pioneer. — — Map (db m78590) HM
BBSO is home to the world's largest aperture,
and highest resolution solar telescope. The 1.6
meter primary mirror of the New Solar
Telescope (NST) is housed in the first facility-class solar telescope made in the USA in a
generation. The . . . — — Map (db m197808) HM
Big Bear Lake, as you see it now, is a hub for recreation and outdoor activities.
Did you know if you stood on this spot in the 1880's you wouldn't see a lake at all?
Until 1885, the lake in front of you was a sprawling wet meadow laced by a . . . — — Map (db m197780) HM
Over 400 years ago, as the Spanish adventurer Cabrillo was
exploring what is now Southern California, the mighty pine
above you had just peeked through the soil. By the time
Benjamin Davis Wilson discovered our valley in 1845, this tree
had . . . — — Map (db m197487) HM
In January 1996: A family of "Three Strikes" Grizzly Bears were captured outside of
Yellowstone National Park. US Fish and Wildlife Bear Management guidelines directed the
rangers to either find them a permanent home in a zoological facility . . . — — Map (db m197752) HM
Named for William Francis "Bill" Holcomb, pioneer prospector who, in this valley discovered Southern California's richest gold field - May 5, 1860. — — Map (db m50610) HM
In 1884 Frank Brown built an unusual dam here to supply irrigation water for the Redlands area. The single-arch granite dam formed Big Bear Lake, then the world’s largest man-made lake. Engineers claimed the dam would not hold, and declared it “The . . . — — Map (db m128510) HM
First human being to reach and exceed Mach 3 - 2094 mph.
Perished near this site on September 27th 1956
while returning to base on the first manned Mach Three mission in history.
The Bell X-2, AFSN# 46-674, crashed at this location . . . — — Map (db m125805) HM
Long ago Mohave Indians used a network of pathways to cross the Mojave Desert to reach the Pacific Coast from their homes along the Colorado River. In 1776, the Spanish Missionary Francisco Garces became the first non-Indian to trek these . . . — — Map (db m78586) HM
This reservoir, now demolished, was built for Fenton Mercer Slaughter in 1894. It was located about one-quarter mile north of this adobe. — — Map (db m249) HM
Near this site, Isaac Williams in 1841 built a large adobe home, located on the 22,000-acre Rancho Chino which he acquired from his father-in-law Antonio Lugo. The "Battle of Chino" occurred at the adobe on September 26-27, 1846, during which 24 . . . — — Map (db m50665) HM
Near this spot once stood the home of Isaac Williams, first American settler in this valley, about which on September 26-27 1846, was fought the first important engagement in California of the war with Mexico.
This was also the site of the Chino . . . — — Map (db m379) HM
This example of early California architecture was built in 1850-53 by Raimundo Yorba. Purchased in 1868 by Fenton Mercer Slaughter, it was preserved as a memorial to him by his daughter, Julia Slaughter Fuqua. — — Map (db m923) HM
This historic site marks the resting place of the pioneers of the Agua Mansa area which was started about 1840. The preservation of this cemetery began in 1951. — — Map (db m127364) HM
This is the site of an adobe fortification erected about 1856-57 by the "Independent" faction in a dispute with the Mormons over a land title. The fort was maintained for about a year. This also is the site of the Indian village of Jumuba, and . . . — — Map (db m51027) HM
In the spring of 1852, over one hundred Mormon men donated a full thousand man-days of arduous labor, to construct a road up Waterman Canyon, past this spot, and into the prime timber, where some of their enterprising bethren established six . . . — — Map (db m154361) HM
This community long served as a supply point and railhead for the mines of Death Valley and Calico. In the early 1880's the first borax produced in Death Valley was hauled by mule team to the Atlantic & Pacific R.R. (later the Santa Fe) at Daggett. . . . — — Map (db m78568) HM
The Daggett Garage began life in the 1880s at the borax town of Marion, located on the northeast shore of Calico Dry Lake, as a locomotive repair roundhouse for the narrow-gauge Borate and Daggett Railroad. Daggett blacksmith Seymour Alf used a . . . — — Map (db m78541) HM
Three miles north lies the Mojave River and the site of Forks of the Road. This was the junction of two major travel routes: The Old Spanish or Salt Lake Trail and The Ancient Mojave River Trail. In the 1830s and 1840s the Old Spanish Trail saw . . . — — Map (db m159526) HM
This campsite on both the Mojave Trail over the mountains and the Cajon Pass Route was probably first seen by Spanish and American traverlers in the 1770's and was noted by them in 1806, 1849 and 1850. Michael White, grantee in 1843 of the . . . — — Map (db m70606) HM
Wyatt Earp was born in Illinois March 19, 1848. In 1864 he came west with his family, settling near San Bernardino. He later served as lawman in Wichita and Dodge City, then came to Tombstone in 1879. After the gunfight at the O.K. Corral in 1881, . . . — — Map (db m78569) HM
Camp Clipper was established at a site that reached
From Essex Road to this location in the spring of
1942. It was one of twelve such camps built in the
Southwestern Desert to harden and train United
States troops for service on the . . . — — Map (db m72258) HM
As Caltrans Highway Superintendent for the Needles area, John Wilkie sought ways to improve maintenance at this Rest Area. Pursuing this goal, John became a statewide leader in increasing employment opportunities for persons with disabilities.
. . . — — Map (db m335) HM
Joe McKamie alerted Fontana Historical Society about Camp. Ora Scott provided interest free loan of $10,000 and City of Fontana gave down payment of $3,000 to save house. Society acquired ownership title to house on November 22, 1978. Restoration . . . — — Map (db m135522) HM
In March 1928, the Federal Government established the first and only experimental station in the United States devoted solely to research on the breeding and raising of rabbits on a five-acre property donated by A. B. Miller of Fontana. The station . . . — — Map (db m50670) HM
As a communication platform: Supporting space exploration beginning with the Mariner 4 mission to Mars, and through the years providing a vital link to NASA's robot explorers across the solar system, including Voyager, Mars Exploration Rovers, . . . — — Map (db m50371) HM
Erected in memory of the pioneer women of the San Bernardino Valley who dared to travel across the country by ox team and covered wagon to help lay the foundation for the building of this state. — — Map (db m72579) HM
The U. S. Army maintained a camp at Goffs 1942-1944. Goffs was an important railhead, supply point, hospital, and for three months in 1942 Headquarters of the 7th Infantry Division. That unit went on to distinguish itself in combat in the Aleutians . . . — — Map (db m78523) HM
The Goffs Schoolhouse served this highway, railway, ranching and mining community from 1914 to 1937. It was restored in 1998 and is now listed on the National Historic Register.
Recognized by Hampton Hotels Save-A-Landmark program as a . . . — — Map (db m194736) HM
The first school in Goffs opened its doors for the fall term in 1911 serving the needs of cattle ranches, mining districts, homesteaders, the railroad, and, most of all, the people supporting expanding travel on the National Old Trails Road – . . . — — Map (db m78575) HM
Pah-Ute Creek, which runs year around, attracted many Indian tribes, who used several Indian trails through this area. The first white man to visit Pah-Ute Creek was Fr. Francisco Garces in May of 1776. It was given it's name by Lt. A.W. Whipple . . . — — Map (db m78577) HM
A prehistoric Indian village
called Atongai once existed
here. In 1776, famed Padre
Garces visited this settlement,
where in 1819 mission native
converts began building a
place for Christian worship. Their efforts
failed when they were killed . . . — — Map (db m166604) HM
Elliot Ranch is just south of this
point, in Little Horse Thief Canyon.
It is the thirty acre homestead of
William and Lena Elliot built in 1927. The family with eight children truly lived frontier lives in wilderness
surroundings. . . . — — Map (db m166295) HM
A three story, world famous
brick hotel stood here for 74
years. It was the region's finest
building for years, and had hot
and cold water on each floor plus a toilet. — — Map (db m166544) HM
These three granite stones were part of the foundation of possibly the High Deserts’
greatest landmark. The Hesperia Hotel was built in the late 1880's.
This magnificent Hotel stood as a skyscraper at the corner of Hesperia Road and Spruce
for . . . — — Map (db m166538) HM
A 15 foot by 20 foot, wooden,
moveable station once stood
directly across Hesperia Road
from here. A 12 foot by 12 foot
jail was built alongside.
In the beginning, the California
Southern Railroad used
Hesperia for a
stopping
point. — — Map (db m166550) HM
In 1886, a rock monument was placed near here by
the Hesperia Land and Water Company. Required by
law, the monument gave notice that 5,000 miners
inches of water per minute was to be taken from
this point for use in Hesperia, enough water . . . — — Map (db m166568) HM
Remembering
Roy O. Gonce, September 11, 1933 - December 20, 2017;
Susan A. Gonce, March 30, 1943 - March 18, 1998;
Roy E. Gonce, July 29, 1975 - January 29, 2014.
The Gonce family, Roy, Susan and their two kids, Roy and Becky, chose this . . . — — Map (db m214311) HM
A free, graded road crossed here, running from Holcomb Valley to join the Brown Toll Road through the Cajon Pass. Citizens of Belleville raised $1,500 in 1861 to hire Jed Van Duzen, a local blacksmith, to build this road. — — Map (db m166290) HM
In 1848, a detour branched off the ancient
Mojave Trail (parallels Choiceana Avenue) going
west to Cajon's old summit. In 1870, road maker
John Brown enlarged the detour which with
time became a major thoroughfare. Padre Garces,
Jed Smith, Kit . . . — — Map (db m166560) HM
In 1870, road builder John A.
Brown upgraded a small
path into a road ten miles
in length. Running between
Cajon's old summit and the
prehistoric Mojave Trail, it
passed through Hesperia
diagonally crossing today's
Main Street in the . . . — — Map (db m166640) HM
[This is a four sided monument with four different markers:]Side A:
Las Flores Ranch
Near this spot on March 25, 1866, Edwin Parrish, Nephi Bemis and Pratt Whiteside, young cowboys employed on this ranch, were ambushed, . . . — — Map (db m166670) HM
Largest old barn in Southern California. Erected in 1872 by ranch owners, Amos P. Houlton and James F. Houghton, with lumber cut and transported from Sawpit Canyon by oxen. — — Map (db m166669) HM
Miller's Corner was created when State
Highway 31-C bypassed downtown Hesperia.
This corner received its name from an auto
mechanic named Miller who in 1923 opened a
garage here.
1930 saw a large national airport built
immediately south . . . — — Map (db m166535) HM
Mojave Indian Trail
Over 12,000 years ago the Anasazi people originally used the trail. In prehistoric times, the trail was used as a trade route to the sea. South of this area also lies the Vanyume village of Atongai, long extinct. . . . — — Map (db m166638) HM
This is the oldest existing building in
the city. On the first day of school, 23
students were on hand. For the next
74 years, the school continued to grow.
With one teacher and
first through eighth
grades all in one room,
this frontier . . . — — Map (db m166555) HM
In 1850, a man named Hanbrier erected the first commercial building in Topipa, Hesperia‘s original Indian name. A major road passed this general store leading to and from Cajon’s old summit. Homesteaders settled close by, but years of drought drove . . . — — Map (db m166668) HM
Life giving water, urgently
needed in growing Hesperia,
first arrived at this place in
1886. Flumes, pipe, and
ditches transported it seven
miles from high in the San
Bernardino Mountains.
By the 1950's, Hesperia's
water came from wells . . . — — Map (db m166556) HM
This was as close as Hesperia
got to Route 66. In 1940, Leroy
and Della Rolar opened a
service station-cafe on this
property to help serve
increasing motorists'
needs along Route 66.
State Highway 31-C
became U.S. Route 66 in
1928. Actually . . . — — Map (db m166730) HM
The station was first named in
1887. This important railroad
center began its decline in 1967
and no longer exists. Here, for
over half a century, mighty
steam engines thundered by in
their battle to cross the
menacing Cajon
Pass. A . . . — — Map (db m166292) HM
Walters Store is the oldest
existing business building in
the city. It started out as a
general merchandise store. Here,
young Hesperia purchased its
needs as did motorists who passed
by for nine years
using the National
Old Trails Road. — — Map (db m166554) HM
Highland played an important role in the
Citrus Belt of the San Bernardino Valley.
Historic development began during the
1850's when members of the Cram and
Van Leuven families settled at the base of
the East Highlands bench. In 1858 . . . — — Map (db m198023) HM
Once serving citrus trucks, the Iron Bridge now beckons trail users.
This bridge originated in Illinois at
Joliet Iron and Steel Works, once the second largest steel mill in the country.
It was constructed in 1912 to span the
Mojave . . . — — Map (db m197847) HM
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