[Marker Front]:
Formed by the retreating glacier more than 14,000 years ago, Buckeye Lake first existed as a shallow, swampy pond, named "Buffalo Swamp" by Ohio Company explorer Christopher Gist in 1751. Beginning in 1826 the State . . . — — Map (db m183075) HM
[Marker Front]:
Using a four-mile long dam, the state of Ohio impounded the Licking Summit Reservoir in the mid-1820s to supply water for the Ohio and Erie Canal. In 1894, the state renamed it Buckeye Lake and developed it for recreational . . . — — Map (db m12960) HM
At this site on July 4, 1825, Governor DeWitt Clinton of New York turned the first shovelful of dirt for the Ohio Canal. The ceremony was attended by area citizens of Master Masons.
In the early 1840’s James A. Garfield, who was to become the . . . — — Map (db m2377) HM
Where the Water Met the Road
While the citizens of St. Clairsville, in eastern Ohio, celebrated the groundbreaking for the National Road on July 4, 1825, construction began on the Ohio & Erie Canal on the same day at Licking Summit (now . . . — — Map (db m97542) HM
Located at the crossing of the Ohio and Erie Canal and the National Road, Hebron was a favored commercial and agricultural center for Licking County in the nineteenth century. Only four miles north of the city Governor DeWitt Clinton of New York . . . — — Map (db m13878) HM
The village of Hebron lost its first mill to a fire in 1881. By the mid 1880’s, a new mill took its place and continued operation into the 1990’s, making it the longest running business in Hebron. by 1891, the Hebron Mill converted from water power . . . — — Map (db m97543) HM
The Hebron Milling Company building was built in 1880 where the National Trail (Route 40) and the Ohio Canal crossed in the village of Hebron. The building sat on the edge of the “turning basin” in the village, where canal boats docked to load or . . . — — Map (db m13879) HM
The preserve is rich in natural as well as early Ohio history. The name, Blackhand, originated from a dark hand-shaped Indian petroglyph which was engraved on the face of a massive sandstone cliff along the north side of the river. The engraving was . . . — — Map (db m205963) HM
Buckeye Lake is the oldest state park in Ohio with
21 islands and over 30 miles of shoreline. Buckeye
Lake, once known as the Great Buffalo Swamp by the
native Indians, was mapped by explorer Christopher Gist
in 1775. Buckeye Lake Amusement Park . . . — — Map (db m205973) HM
In winter, folks would ice skate on the frozen canal that stretched through downtown Newark.
This scene was created from old photographs by local historians Chalmers Pancoast and James T. Hanes — — Map (db m205883) HM
During the 1830s, the Ohio & Erie Canal was built through Newark. The Lockmaster's House was home to the lockmaster of Lock #9. In 1852, the first railroad locomotive steamed into Newark, signaling the beginning of the end for the canal. By 1871, . . . — — Map (db m12582) HM
Paths and trails wave their way through dense forests as the hooves of deer and bison left their mark in the earth in search of food and water. Eventually, these paths gave way to the soft patter of human feet) as they became used by local tribes . . . — — Map (db m206027) HM
As a private in the infantry of the 1st United States Regiment, and during the years 1805 to 1807, John Sparks (1758-1846) acted as guide, scout, and hunter for the two expeditions of Zebulon Pike, which helped to open up largely unknown areas in . . . — — Map (db m206741) HM
Making the final leg of her journey on the Ohio & Erie Canal in 1840, sixteen-year-old Ellen Snell traveled 4,000 miles from her home in England to a country totally foreign to her. The Snell family were like many immigrants before and after . . . — — Map (db m206030) HM
• The groundbreaking for the Ohio and Erie Canal occurred on July 4, 1825 at Licking Summit, south of Newark.
• The first canal boat from Cleveland arrived in Newark on July 10, 1830.
• 23 miles of the Ohio and Erie Canali ran through . . . — — Map (db m206045) HM
Construction of the Ohio and Erie Canal began on July
4, 1825. Once completed, the canal ran between
Portsmouth on the Ohio River and Cleveland on Lake
Erie. The canal's route through Newark connected the
city to the far boundaries of the state . . . — — Map (db m205957) HM
The Ohio & Erie Canal Park is dedicated to the life and memory of Joseph M. Bowden, 1957-2012.
The Works was created from the vision and resources of Howard B. LeFevre and the physical facilities were made possible by the tireless efforts of . . . — — Map (db m206044) HM
This grist mill erected by an early settler, Clarence McKnight, was one of the largest on the frontier. The entire mill was powered by an overshot water wheel. The existing 2,000 pound water wheel is 18 feet in diameter.
Restoration began in . . . — — Map (db m19869) HM
During the 18th century ice cream was a rarity and considered a dish of the very wealthy. This was because ice was difficult to come by until the widespread use of “ice harvesting” and the insulated icehouse.
Then the number of confectioners . . . — — Map (db m19870) HM
History has recorded many major floods and the devastation they created. One of the greatest floods ever in Ohio occurred in March of 1913. Rivers in the region, including the Great Miami River, overflowed their banks destroying many towns and . . . — — Map (db m104195) HM
The first motorized boat appeared on Indian Lake in the early 1900’s. By 1930, reports indicated there were a total of 13 pleasure boats and 17 speed boats operating out of Russells Point Harbor, and many more from other points around the lake. For . . . — — Map (db m104102) HM
Indian Lake Dam was built 1851-1860 to create a feeder lake, known as the Lewistown Reservoir, for the Miami and Erie Canal. The dam included a 700-foot long concrete ogee weir spillway that discharged water from the lake into the Great Miami . . . — — Map (db m226465) HM
From Canal to Recreation Destination
The Great Miami River is sourced by the waters of Indian Lake. The original spillway forming the reservoir was completed in 1860. After numerous repairs to the aging dam, in 2018, a new 700-foot . . . — — Map (db m155745) HM
The original Lewistown Reservoir was created by manually excavating and building approximately 3 miles of earthen dam in several areas and joining seven natural lakes and large ponds.The largest stretch of this structure is the area along the lake . . . — — Map (db m104190) HM
As a result of the success of the Erie Canal in New York, the Ohio General Assembly decided to build two canals to promote business and travel between the Ohio River and Lake Erie. The Miami & Erie Canal, built in three stages, united Cincinnati . . . — — Map (db m104126) HM
In Memoriam
U.S.S. Main
Destroyed in Havana Harbor
February 15th 1898
This tablet is cast from metal recovered from the USS Maine — — Map (db m202561) WM
On October 22, 1913, Congress appropriated $35,000 to build a light-
and-fog station at Lorain harbor. Construction began after plans
were approved in 1916. The concrete structure was finished and light
placed in service in 1917, but the station . . . — — Map (db m143276) HM
In 1807 a Trading Post with the Indians was established near this site by Nathan Pery, Jr. that resulted in the settlement of Lorain which in pioneer days was known as the Mouth of the Black River. — — Map (db m5547) HM
Initially purchased in the late 1860s by Captain Ward, this land called New Jerusalem was a lumber town complete with a shipyard, mill and even a racetrack. Ward also constructed a 2.5-mile canal to float harvested trees. The 1873 market crash . . . — — Map (db m238528) HM
Sport fishing is sure to produce great results at Howard Marsh. Largemouth bass, Channel catfish and Bluegill are three likely catches - each with fascinating adaptations and habits. Serious predators, Largemouth bass use their mouth muscles to . . . — — Map (db m238521) HM
To utilize the area's rich timber stands. Detroit industrialist Eber Brock Ward (1811-1875) built a canal around 1870 in what was then Oregon Township. Lucas County. Known as Ward's Canal, it stretched approximately 234 miles through wetlands to . . . — — Map (db m238519) HM
Follow the historic Towpath to the source of the canal water and a beautiful habitat for waterfowl and shorebirds. Peace, tranquility and a spectacular view with the sound of water flowing over the Providence Dam await you at the end of the path. . . . — — Map (db m173223) HM
The first water powered grist mill near this sit was
built about 1885 by after manor, one of the earliest
white settlers in this region. The present mill built
in 1849. Was operated and owned by Isaac Ludwig under
permanent water rights granted . . . — — Map (db m173222) HM
The Wabash & Erie Canal opened between Toledo and Lafayette, Indiana, May 8, 1843. The Miami Extension Canal was completed to Junction, Ohio, on July 4, 1845, linking the Wabash & Erie Canal with Cincinnati and resulting in changing the canal’s . . . — — Map (db m19574) HM
Railroads signaled changing times for the
canals, making them obsolete before they
were even finished.
Only five years after the first spadesful of
dirt on the Miami and Erie Canal had been
dug, trains were already rolling into Ohio. . . . — — Map (db m173224) HM
Legend has it that construction wasn't
easy. All towns wanted the canal because it
brought them prosperity. The townsfolk
living across the river in Gilead (Grand
Rapids) were so angry that their town was
not on the canal route that they . . . — — Map (db m173227) HM
A former hotel at this site was once a popular stopover for travelers in the 1850s on the Miami and Erie Canal. Folklore tells us this old hotel had questionable roots at best. Reportedly once a house of ill repute, the hotel had many functions . . . — — Map (db m173219) HM
The Towpath Trail, where mules once towed flat bottom
boats on the Miami & Erie Canal, connects three Metroparks
along the scenic Maumee River. Farnsworth overlooks three
islands in the river and the picturesque ruins of an Interurban
Bridge. . . . — — Map (db m173225) HM
Providence Dam: A roller dam across the Maumee
River is a scenic spot to fish or just relax. The dam
was built to divert water into the canal.
Providence Dam Area
Providence Dam Shelter (preservable)
Rangers & . . . — — Map (db m195581) HM
Providence Dam: A roller dam across the Maumee
River is a scenic spot to fish or just relax. The dam
was built to divert water into the canal.
Providence Dam Area
Providence Dam Shelter (reservable)
Rangers & . . . — — Map (db m195584) HM
The ghost town of Providence was once a booming
city with warehouses, shops, and the canal.
Colorful characters such as these would have been
seen throughout canal towns and villages. Thanks to illustrator Bill Kuhlman we have a peek at . . . — — Map (db m173218) HM
Life was not easy for the 50,000 people
who called Ohio home at the beginning
of the canal era.
It was difficult to send goods, travel
and receive mail. Governor Ethan Allan
Brown authorized canal construction to
help ease the . . . — — Map (db m173220) HM
The model next to you is a replica of
the turbine that runs the mill. A turbine
spins like a pinwheel, but uses water
instead of wind.
The Providence Dam, half-mile west,
directs water from the Maumee River
into the canal behind the . . . — — Map (db m173221) HM
It may surprise you that nature relies on
floods. Floods and adjacent lands called
floodplains allow rivers to purge excess
sand, silt, and pollution. Plants and shrubs
along the edge trap floodwater debris. The
earth itself filters . . . — — Map (db m173226) HM
Welcome
to Providence Metropark on the Maumee River, a place that connects the natural world
with the stories of people who lived here - their hopes, dreams and accomplishments.
The Maumee is the reason the
Miami and Erie Canal was . . . — — Map (db m173305) HM
When moving from one level of
a house to another, people
generally use stairs. Canal lock
construction follows the same
principle except that the water
levels become the stairs. Two sets
of large whaler gates contain
smaller wicket gates. . . . — — Map (db m195583) HM
Named for the Miami and Erie Canal's
'side cut' to Maumee City this canal land,
later abandoned, became the first Metropark.
Opened during the Great Depression, Side Cut
Metropark's landscape is dotted with remnants
of work done by 500 men . . . — — Map (db m173279) HM
Before super highways, Ohio had the Miami
and Erie Canal. Running from Toledo to
Cincinnati, it included 106 locks which
allowed canal boats to move through many
elevation changes. The first six of these
locks were built for the bustling . . . — — Map (db m173280) HM
The Side Cut section of the Miami and Erie Canal was completed in 1842 to provide a water connection from the canal down to the river at Maumee. It was two miles long with six limestone locks.
Canal locks acted like elevators to raise and . . . — — Map (db m173273) HM
Construction of roads and other
landscape changes have meant the
disappearance of much of the canal
system. Remnants such as locks can be
seen throughout our Metropark system. — — Map (db m173281) HM
The Maumee River Valley nurtured a hunter-gatherer life and later farming communities for thousands of Native Americans. The valley also attracted the French, British and American settlers because of navigable waterways and the fur trade. . . . — — Map (db m90299) HM
Canal Terminus
The original northernmost lock in a canal system which linked Lake Erie with the Ohio River was located near the foot of LaSalle Street. Indiana’s Wabash & Erie Canal (1843 – 1874) joined Ohio’s Miami & Erie Canal (1845 – 1913) . . . — — Map (db m245672) HM
Founding father of the NorthWest Ohio River Runners, a Canoe & Kayaking Club. He saw a need for accessing the Ottawa River, then lead the way for this launch site to become possible. Howard was also a seasoned sailor in his own right and a dedicated . . . — — Map (db m174780) HM
Newly installed rain gardens and bioswales will help fix
erosion problems, reduce runoff, and improve water quality
and habitat. Delaware Creek is a 1.8-mile stream that drains
five square miles. It enters the Maumee River at river mile 9.2.
1 . . . — — Map (db m217119) HM
Rich in resources and strategically located, the Great Lakes were a prize sought by three nations in wars from the French and Indian War to the War of 1812, when the Lakes were settled as the boundary between the United States and Canada. Peace, . . . — — Map (db m204823) HM
The bounty of the Great Lakes has drawn people to these shores for at least 10,000 years. The area's first inhabitants were North American Indians and their ancestors, who hunted for food and fur, farmed the land, and fished the waters. Europeans . . . — — Map (db m204627) HM
By the early 19th century, Great Lakes abundant natural resources drew a massive influx of European immigrants and settlers from the original 13 colonies to the region. With this great migration came development: farming, timber, mining, railroads, . . . — — Map (db m204824) HM
During World War II, twenty-eight diesel electric submarines were constructed for the United States Navy by the Manitowoc Shipbuilding Company in Wisconsin. Twenty-five of the boats were completed in time to see combat action in WWII. Four of the . . . — — Map (db m204805) HM
The first anchors were large rocks tied to ropes and dropped to the sea bottom; later came iron hooks Eventually anchors took on the familiar shape known today; two flukes at the end of a shank that stopped by a stock set perpendicular to the flukes . . . — — Map (db m204612) HM
Dropping and raising the anchor on a large ship is a big job-
too big for manpower alone. Sometime in the 14th century,
Spanish shipbuilders came up with a solution: the capstan.
The first capstans were timbers mounted vertically in the . . . — — Map (db m204853) HM
You are now at the stern or after most part of the ship, which is
constructed with a classic "fantail” design.
To your right you will see one of the ship's six Mooring
Winches. The green object (steel bar) on the deck in front
of you is . . . — — Map (db m204869) HM
Look down and you will see a short
white line painted on the deck. We
are now going to compare the size of
the S.S. Col. James M. Schoonmaker
to the Veterans' Skyway Bridge. If we
could stand this ship on its stern with
the bow (forward end) . . . — — Map (db m204870) HM
Just forward of Hatch #1 are Deck Winches 1&2, which were
used for mooring the forward end of the vessel. In order to tie
up the vessel, deckhands were placed on the dock via the
green landing boom and yellow landing chair. You will also
notice . . . — — Map (db m204872) HM
While Schoonmaker was originally launched with 35 telescoping hatches, she was re-configured in 1942 to employ this
6 1/2 TON NORTHERN ENGINEERING WORKS Hatch
Crane and now has 18 hatches.
This crane rides up and down the ship's deck along . . . — — Map (db m204867) HM
A boat's direction is controlled by the rudder, a kind of stiff flap mounted behind the ship's stern (end). Turning the rudder, and thus the ship, requires turning the ship's wheel. The wheel and rudder are connected by a vertical shaft called the . . . — — Map (db m204827) HM
Safeguarding Our Water
The Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (GLWQA) is an agreement between the United States and Canada to protect and restore the waters of the Great Lakes. Developed by the International Joint Commission and first . . . — — Map (db m204825) HM
Unique on the planet, the Great Lakes have a rich history that began over 10,000 years ago when retreating glaciers carved and then filled basins to form these inland seas. Since then, they have been a powerful force both geologically and . . . — — Map (db m204886) HM
For centuries, the only way to move a boat across
the water was by oar or by sails, each of which had
its drawbacks. Rowing is difficult; sails need wind.
Paddlewheels were an improvement in propulsion,
but still were inefficient the bigger the . . . — — Map (db m204859) HM
For millennia, ships out of sight of land navigated by using the position of the sun, moon, and stars. The discovery of radio waves changed navigation forever. By the late 1920s, ships used special antennas called radio direction finders (RDF) to . . . — — Map (db m204613) HM
When she was launched in 1911, the SS Col. James M.
Schoonmaker became the new Queen of the Lakes-the
longest ship on the Lakes-at 617 feet. What distinguished
her was her width of 64 feet, designed to fill the Soo Locks.
She sailed the Lakes . . . — — Map (db m204858) HM
Experienced ship-spotters can tell the difference between
seemingly identical ships with just a glance. How? Every
shipping line uses unique hull colors, fleet flags, and
markings on their smokestacks to identify their boats. In
1900, 3000 boats . . . — — Map (db m204850) HM
The USS Toledo, SSN 769, is a nuclear powered attack submarine and the third vessel to be named for the City of Toledo. The Toledo was built by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company and commissioned on 24 February 1995. The Toledo's . . . — — Map (db m204624) HM WM
The National Museum of the Great Lakes
Founded in 1945, the Great Lakes Historical Society has made known and preserved the history of the region for decades. In 2003, the Society embarked on a strategic plan to create the National Museum . . . — — Map (db m204611) HM
Of World War II who lost their lives when the USAT Dorchester was torpedoed by a German submarine U-456 off Greenland February 3, 1943 with 904 men aboard, 605 were lost.
Lt. Alexander D. Goode, Jewish ✡️ •
Lt. George L. Fox, . . . — — Map (db m218033) WM
Bigger, Better,
Quicker, Faster!
Railroads signaled changing
times, making canals obsolete
before they were even finished.
Only five years after the first
spadesful had been dug for canal
construction, trains began
rolling into Ohio. . . . — — Map (db m173539) HM
Legend of the Arctic
The men of an ancient village were away on a hunting trip. Left alone, the women caught fish at the edge of the ice. Suddenly, the ice on which they stood broke away from shore and all the women were lost at sea. Long . . . — — Map (db m223382) HM
Ohio-Michigan War:
A War Without Casualties
Toledo's location on the Maumee River was
so highly coveted that Michigan and Ohio
went to war over it in 1833. Holding
Michigan's statehood hostage, Congress
resolved the end of this war . . . — — Map (db m173536) HM
The Toledo Zoo
Now ranked among the country's finest, the zoo began in 1900 with one large woodchuck in a box at Walbridge Park. After the organization of the Toledo Zoological Society, 1905-10, the zoo began its steady growth, particularly . . . — — Map (db m41959) HM
One feature that enticed the
Stranahan family to purchase this
property in the 1920s and 1930s was that
the scenic Ottawa River passed through
the grounds. During construction of the
home, workers diverted the waterway
a half-mile from its . . . — — Map (db m173510) HM
[Marker Front]:
The first canal boat arrived in Toledo from Indiana in 1843 via the Wabash & Erie Canal. The Miami & Erie Canal from Cincinnati was completed in 1845. It joined the W&E Canal near Defiance and they shared the same course . . . — — Map (db m19474) HM
East Side of Marker:
"John Pray - Founder of Waterville, Ohio"
Born in Rhode Island, John Pray (1783-1872) moved to the Maumee River Valley from New York shortly after serving in the War of 1812 and completing a . . . — — Map (db m30795) HM
The Towpath Trail, where mules once towed flat bottom
boats on the Miami & Erie Canal, connects three Metroparks
along the scenic Maumee River. Farnsworth overlooks three
islands in the river and the picturesque ruins of an Interurban
Bridge. . . . — — Map (db m173559) HM
Providence Metropark
Providence Dam: A roller dam across the Maumee
River is a scenic spot to fish or just relax. The dam
was built to divert water into the canal.
Providence Dam Area
Dam Shelter,
Overlook,
Rangers & Maintenance . . . — — Map (db m217131) HM
The U.S. Coast Guard is America's
oldest maritime defenders formerly
known as the United States Revenue
Cutter Service. Their history dates
back to 1790, and they have been
officially established as a branch
of the United States Armed . . . — — Map (db m172776) HM WM
The U S. Marine Corps began with
the founding of the Continental
Marines on November 10, 1775
to conduct ship to ship fighting,
shipboard security and discipline
enforcement, and to assist in
landing forces. The Marine Corps mission
has . . . — — Map (db m172774) HM WM
To Improve water quality and make the river easier to navigate for recreational purposes, the old steel mill dam built around 1915 (pictured left) was removed in October 2020 by the design/build team of Marucci and Gaffney Excavating Company . . . — — Map (db m202425) HM
The very first grist mill was built in Lowellville by John McGill shortly after he settled here around 1800. Over the years several more grist and flouring mills were established along the banks of the Mahoning River. At one time, the villages of . . . — — Map (db m202430) HM
All along the Mahoning River steel and iron mills were erected to take advantage of its resources. These operations required a vast amount of water which was pumped from the river and discharged back into the river after use in mill operations. . . . — — Map (db m202429) HM
The Youngstown Iron and Steel Co. Dam which was once located here in Lowellville was built between 1914 and 1915. It was made of concrete and had 8 short piers with square ends on the upstream side and pointed ends on the downstream side. A small . . . — — Map (db m202431) HM
Like most major rivers and cities in Ohio, the
Mahoning River and its watershed have played
a significant role in the development of the city
of Youngstown.
There is little known of the area we call the
Mahoning Valley prior to the . . . — — Map (db m202490) HM
The Marion Steam Shovel Company built the primary tools for America's civil engineering for more than 100 years. Founded in 1884 by Henry M. Barnhart, George W. King, and Edward Huber, the company's patent steam shovels helped revolutionize railway . . . — — Map (db m27021) HM
The single-span Parker Through Truss Bridge that previously carried State Route 47 over the Scioto River at this location was constructed by the Standard Engineering Company of Toledo shortly after the Flood of 1913 destroyed the wrought iron . . . — — Map (db m26984) HM
Confederate Brigadier General John Hunt Morgan and his raiders arrived in Chester
around 1 pm on July 18, 1863, after a grueling ride across Meigs County. Knowing that Union forces were close behind, Morgan expected an attack at any moment. . . . — — Map (db m108280) HM
Major John B. Downing was born in Rutland in February 1834, son of Rodney and Marian Black Downing. Educated at Marietta College, he spent 27 years as a pilot and boat owner on the Mississippi River, operating between St. Louis and New Orleans. . . . — — Map (db m28508) HM
Rear Admiral Arthur Clark served two tours as in-country military advisor to South Vietnam military and with USMAV and was one of the last to leave in 1973. He went on to serve in many leadership roles which transformed the U.S. Navy and . . . — — Map (db m28510) HM
Middleport native William Outerbridge (1906-1986) initiated the first shots of American involvement in World War II at 6:37 a.m. prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941. Outerbridge was commander of the destroyer USS Ward, . . . — — Map (db m28507) HM
Side A: The Ohio River
The Ohio River begins at the confluence of the Allegheny and Monongahela rivers in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and flows 981 miles to join the Mississippi River at Cairo, Illinois. The Iroquois called the river "Oyo" or . . . — — Map (db m28497) HM
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