Early in the war, Confederate authorities were concerned that Union forces might advance up the James River from Fort Monroe. As a precaution, they constructed waterfront artillery batteries along the river, including in Isle of Wight County, and . . . — — Map (db m103839) HM
Here are the remains of Fort Magruder, an earthen redoubt built in 1861 at the center of the Confederate defensive line. The “Williamsburg Line” stretched between the James and York rivers and consisted of fourteen forts, commonly called . . . — — Map (db m10371) HM
In the ravine before you, three New Jersey regiments experienced their bloodiest day of the Civil War, losing more men in this battle than any other.
On the mid-morning of May 5, 1862, the soldiers of the four regiments in the New Jersey . . . — — Map (db m265476) HM
Early in the afternoon of April 25, 1865, six horseman trotted up to the Belle Grove house
in front of you, dismounted, and searched it and the outbuildings. They were troopers from
Lt. Edward P. Doherty's 25-man detail of the 16th New York . . . — — Map (db m267924) HM
On the evening of April 23, 1865, a handful of men on horseback rode quietly up the trail to this house, Cleydael. Inside, Dr. Richard H. Stuart and his family were finishing dinner. David E. Herold knocked on the front door to request lodging for . . . — — Map (db m315649) HM
John Wilkes Booth, the assassin of President Abraham Lincoln, and his accomplice David E. Herold, fled Washington, D.C. on April 14, 1865, for Southern Maryland, a hotbed of Confederate sympathizers skilled at evading Union surveillance. On April . . . — — Map (db m267329) HM
Federal infantry left the camps around Mangohick Church on the morning of May 28, 1864, and pressed southward toward the Pamunkey River. In order to speed up the pace of the march, the army followed parallel routes. The Second and Sixth Corps moved . . . — — Map (db m120819) HM
On the bitterly cold morning of January 3, 1864, Confederate cavalry stormed into Jonesville, surprising and capturing a Union force encamped here.
In late December 1863, Confederate Gen. William E. “Grumble” Jones was ordered to seize the . . . — — Map (db m305070) HM
This valley was one of the most fertile and prosperous in the region during the Civil War. Turkey
Cove contained farms large and small, prosperous and failing, and men who weighed their
southern-facing economic interests with their
traditional . . . — — Map (db m104895) HM
410 ► Virginia, Lexington — Jordan’s Point — “A day I will never forget…” Margaret Junkin Preston diary, June 12, 1864 — Reported permanently removed
On this spot, in the early morning hours of Saturday, June 11, 1864, Confederate General John McCausland and about 1,500 gray-clad soldiers lined the riverbank between a cedar thicket and the warehouses that cluttered the canal landing. They . . . — — Map (db m58589) HM
"A column of black smoke rolled heavenward" in front of you on the morning of Saturday, June 11, 1864, as Confederate Gen. John McCausland and some 1,500 gray-clad soldiers lined the riverbank around you. With 18,000 Union troops under Gen. David . . . — — Map (db m298371) HM
On May 26, 1864, Union Gen. David Hunter marched south from Cedar Creek near Winchester to drive out Confederate forces, lay waste to the Shenandoah Valley, and destroy transportation facilities at Lynchburg. His raid was part of Gen. . . . — — Map (db m4809) HM
On the afternoon of June 11, 1864, a "continuous stream" of Confederate hurried past this spot, retreating through Lexington as Union Gen. David Hunter's army crossed the North River (now the Maury River) and entered the city.
Confederate . . . — — Map (db m298374) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley, then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . — — Map (db m3742) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley, then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . — — Map (db m101256) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley, then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . — — Map (db m3750) HM
On the morning of June 17, 1862, more than 30 armed Confederate sympathizers swarmed onto this property and beat pro-Union homeowner Alexander Davis within an inch of his life. Alexander, his wife Eliza, and their two daughters had moved here . . . — — Map (db m208533) HM
On the steaming hot afternoon of June 17, 1863, troopers from Gen. J.E.B. Stuart’s 2nd Virginia Cavalry clashed here with the 2nd New York Cavalry of Gen. Alfred Pleasonton’s Federal command. Stuart was screening Gen Robert E. Lee’s Army of . . . — — Map (db m224492) HM
During the war, this valley southeast of the Federal base at Harpers Ferry between the Blue Ridge and Short Hill was known as "Between the Hills." The much-feared Confederate partisan leader Pvt. ("Captain") John W. Mobberly roamed here from 1863 . . . — — Map (db m91189) HM
Fresh from the victory at the Second Battle of Manassas
General Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 1-6, 1862,
to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. . . . — — Map (db m1110) HM
Fresh from victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army of Northern Virginia crossed the Potomac River on September 4–6, 1862, to bring the Civil War to Northern soil and to recruit sympathetic Marylanders. Union Gen. . . . — — Map (db m289125) HM
Two hundred yards to your right are the remains of a small earthwork that may have been part of a masked (concealed) battery which played an important role in the Battle of Ball’s Bluff on October 21, 1861. The battery commanded the road from . . . — — Map (db m156304) HM
Across the ground in front of you are the remains of Confederate infantry earthworks most likely built after the Battle of Ball’s Bluff on October 21, 1861. At this time, Leesburg was on the front lines of the American Civil War and an outpost on . . . — — Map (db m103689) HM
In 1869, proud African American men from Leesburg lined up here to vote for the first time. This moment reflected the massive changes the Civil War brought to the United States. The scene was entirely different before the war when African Americans . . . — — Map (db m207064) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley, then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . — — Map (db m63737) HM
Four African American Civil War veterans are buried in this cemetery: James Gaskins (39th U.S. Colored Infantry), Joseph Waters (5th Massachusetts Colored Cavalry), William Taylor (1st U.S. Colored Infantry), and John W. Langford (U.S. Navy). . . . — — Map (db m76587) HM
On the afternoon of September 4, 1862, five days after the Confederate victory at the Second Battle of Manassas, throngs of well-wishers lined Leesburg's streets, including King Street behind you, to welcome the threadbare but jubilant Army of . . . — — Map (db m42333) HM
“Leesburg! Paradise of the youthful warrior! Land of excellent edibles and beautiful maidens!” — so wrote a Confederate artilleryman in late 1861. A year later, a northern correspondent found Leesburg a weary town full of battle-scarred buildings . . . — — Map (db m1544) HM
Before the war, the courthouse square was the location of slave auctions and militia recruiting activities. On October 21, 1861, after the Battle of Ball's Bluff, more than 500 Union prisoners, including Col. Milton Cogswell, 42nd New York Infantry, . . . — — Map (db m63738) HM
Loudoun County experienced continuous Union and Confederate activity during the war. Carter's Mill Road, in front of you, provided access to the agricultural abundance of Oatlands and other farms south and east of here, where the use of slave . . . — — Map (db m124387) HM
On September 1, 1862, Col. Thomas Munford, commander of the Confederate 2nd Virginia Cavalry (163 men), was ordered to Leesburg to destroy a body of Union Cavalry—the locally raised Independent Loudoun Virginia Rangers—who were harassing southern . . . — — Map (db m1219) HM
The Civil War arrived in Loudoun County on October 21, 1861, with the Battle of Ball’s Bluff. As Confederate forces gathered to protect Leesburg, Elizabeth Grayson Carter, the widowed mistress of Oatlands, wrote in her journal on October 17, . . . — — Map (db m1164) HM
You are standing in the midst of the drilling and review grounds for Confederate soldiers between the summer of 1861 and March 1862. Former Baltimore mayor and future Maryland governor Thomas Swann, Jr. owned the 1,200-acre plantation but was . . . — — Map (db m152437) HM
By the eve of the Civil War, 133 men, women and children were enslaved at Oatlands. Their labor sustained the farm, enabled owner Elizabeth O. Carter to enjoy a high standard of living, and helped create the grand estate you see today. Look over . . . — — Map (db m195179) HM
Here, you are in Quaker country. Just to the south was Mosby’s Confederacy, where Confederate supporters provided Col. John S. Mosby’s Partisan Rangers (43rd Battalion Virginia Cavalry) With safe houses and supplies. Mosby’s quartermaster often . . . — — Map (db m248106) HM
After Confederate Gen. Joseph E. Johnston withdrew his army from northern Virginia in March 1862 to defend Richmond, neither Confederate nor Union force occupied Loudoun County permanently. Both armies, however, often passed through. The . . . — — Map (db m90514) HM
The Independent Loudoun Rangers consisted of two small cavalry companies recruited by Waterford miller Samuel Means from Lovettsville's and Waterford's Unionists. Mustered into Federal service starting June 20, 1862, the Rangers were the only . . . — — Map (db m26180) HM
The Independent Loudoun Rangers consisted of two cavalry companies recruited by Waterford miller Samuel Means from Lovettsville's and Waterford's Unionists. Mustered into Federal service on June 20, 1862, they were the only organized body of . . . — — Map (db m283743) HM
You're standing in no-man's-land during the Civil War. Lovettsville was a tense pro-Union bastion in a Confederate state, located just two miles south of the Potomac River, the border between North and South.
Lovettsville was settled by German . . . — — Map (db m283739) HM
In June 1864, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee sent Gen. Jubal A. Early's corps from the Richmond battlefields to the Shenandoah Valley to counter Union Gen. David Hunter's army. After driving Hunter into West Virginia, Early invaded . . . — — Map (db m132655) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's smashing victory over Union Gen. John Pope at Second Battle of Manassas, Lee decided to invade Maryland to reap the fall harvest, gain Confederate recruits, earn foreign recognition of the . . . — — Map (db m295756) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley,then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . — — Map (db m55569) HM
During the Gettysburg Campaign in June 1863, Middleburg was the scene of major cavalry operations. On June 17, 1863, Gen. J.E.B. Stuart’s small force, charged with screening Gen. Robert E. Lee’s infantry moving north and west of the Blue Ridge . . . — — Map (db m167752) HM
After the Second Battle of Manassas, August 28-30, 1862, the Middleburg Baptist Church (to your right) served as a hospital for wounded Confederate Soldiers. Some of those who died there are buried in Sharon Cemetery, in front of you, the final . . . — — Map (db m238206) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley, then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . — — Map (db m164114) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley, then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . — — Map (db m315000) HM
After Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee’s stunning victory at Chancellorsville in May 1863, he led the Army of Northern Virginia west to the Shenandoah Valley, then north through central Maryland and across the Mason-Dixon Line into . . . — — Map (db m134765) HM
After the Battle of Antietam in September 1862, Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia escaped to Virginia. President Abraham Lincoln repeatedly urged Union Gen. George B. McClellan to pursue and attack. Following a plan that Lincoln . . . — — Map (db m42515) HM
Crossing this school site, the Loudoun and Berlin Turnpike once intersected the Leesburg & Snicker’s Gap Turnpike at a junction just ahead known as Heaton’s Crossroads. On Saturday, July 16, 1864, Gen. Jubal A. Early’s Confederate army passed . . . — — Map (db m248104) HM
(preface) In June 1864, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee sent Gen. Jubal A. Early's corps from the Richmond battlefields to the Shenandoah Valley to counter Union Gen. David Hunter's army. After driving Hunter into West Virginia, . . . — — Map (db m283734) HM
Samuel and Henrietta Ankers lived at this site during the Civil War. On the morning of February 22, 1864, just outside their front door, about 160 of Confederate Lt. Col. John Singleton Mosby's horsemen ambushed 150 of Union Capt. J. Sewall . . . — — Map (db m42329) HM
During the Civil War, signal stations served as early warning posts, observation points, and communication centers. On June 19, 1863, 10,000—15,000 Union troops commanded by Gen. John Fullerton Reynolds, I Corps, Army of the Potomac, marched along . . . — — Map (db m203825) HM
You are standing within the foundation of a shed used for a bunkhouse early in the war. In the spring and summer of 1861, twenty-one men of Capt. William W. Mead's Loudoun Cavalry (Co. K, 6th Virginia Cavalry) were posted here. The lane behind you . . . — — Map (db m223884) HM
After the Battle of Antietam in September 1862, Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia escaped to Virginia. President Abraham Lincoln repeatedly urged Union Gen. George B. McClellan to pursue and attack. Following a plan that . . . — — Map (db m42516) HM
Leapfrogging westward in a delaying action against advancing Union cavalry June 21, 1863, the rear guard of Confederate Gen. J.E.B. Stuart, commanded by Gen. Wade Hampton, took up a strong position on the steep ridge just behind you. From there two . . . — — Map (db m1549) HM
Historically Quaker and abolitionist Waterford decisively split with Loudoun County's pro-Confederate majority and rejected secession (220 votes to 31) in Virginia's May 1861 referendum. Many residents fled to Maryland as Southern troops occupied . . . — — Map (db m42622) HM
Historically Quaker and abolitionist Waterford decisively split with Loudoun County's pro-Confederate majority and rejected secession (220 votes to 31) in Virginia's May 1861 referendum. Many residents fled to Maryland as Southern troops occupied . . . — — Map (db m214378) HM
After riding across Virginia for three days on a raid to destroy parts of the Virginia Central Railroad, Gen. Philip H. Sheridan's 9,300 cavalrymen and horse artillerists crossed the North Anna River at Carpenter's Ford about two miles north and . . . — — Map (db m4843) HM
Confederate Gen. Wade Hampton's victory over Gen. Philip H. Sheridan at Trevilian Station on June 11-12, 1864, prevented Sheridan from joining Gen. David Hunter and destroying the Virginia Central Railroad at Charlottesville. Gen. Jubal A. . . . — — Map (db m156010) HM
Having reached Louisa Court House on June 10, 1864, Gen. Wade Hampton’s cavalry divisions bivouacked around the Virginia Central Railroad and across Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan’s route to Gordonsville. About 3 a.m. on June 11, Gen. William C. . . . — — Map (db m114333) HM
Having reached Louisa Court House on June 10, 1864, Confederate Gen. Wade Hampton's cavalry divisions camped around the Virginia Central Railroad and across Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan's route to Gordonsville. About 3 A.M. on June 11, Confederate . . . — — Map (db m308316) HM
You are standing in the historic town of Louisa Court House (now Louisa). During the Civil War, the Virginia Central Railroad passed through this county seat. The main street became the Gordonsville Road (Rte. 22/33) at the western end of town. . . . — — Map (db m193948) HM
Welcome to historic downtown Louisa, known as Louisa Court House during the Civil War, your starting point for a driving tour of the pivotal Battle of Trevilian Station.
In June 1864, the Virginia Central Railroad, which passed through Louisa, . . . — — Map (db m308345) HM
Here in Oakland Cemetery, beneath small, rectangular stone markers, rest as many as 60 Confederate dead from the Battle of Trevilian Station. Most of them were never identified.
Immediately inside the gate are the graves of the three Towles . . . — — Map (db m256955) HM
A 9,300-man Union cavalry force under Gen. Philip H. Sheridan, on a raid to destroy parts of the Virginia Central Railroad, camped a few miles east on June 10, 1864. The next morning, Gen. Wesley Merritt's brigade, followed by Col. Thomas C. Devin's . . . — — Map (db m4841) HM
After riding across Virginia for three days on a raid to destroy parts of the Virginia Central Railroad, Union Gen. Philip H. Sheridan's 9,300 cavalrymen and horse artillerists crossed the North Anna River at Carpenter's Ford and bivouacked in the . . . — — Map (db m308313) HM
By mid-morning on June 11, 1864, Gen. George A. Custer's attack on Confederate Gen. Wade Hampton's wagon train here had gone from success to near disaster as Southern cavalry surrounded Custer's force. A staff officer of Gen. Alfred T.A. Torbert, . . . — — Map (db m193777) HM
Nearby stood Trevilian Station, south of which Confederate Gen. Wade Hampton had parked his wagon train on the evening of June 10, 1864. At daylight the next day, Gen. Matthew C. Butler and Col. Gilbert J. Wright advanced north on the Fredericksburg . . . — — Map (db m193772) HM
Fifty yards east is the site of Netherland Tavern (ca. 1822), which was demolished in the 1950s. The tavern served travelers on the Fredericksburg Stage Road and the Louisa Court House Road to the south. It also served rail passengers after the . . . — — Map (db m4840) HM
After breaking off the fighting of June 11, 1864, Confederate Gen. Wade Hampton’s cavalry division withdrew to a position near here. Gen. Matthew C. Butler’s South Carolinians spent the next morning preparing a stout defensive position along the . . . — — Map (db m256957) HM
Established in 1786, Lynchburg was a thriving commercial center famous for its tobacco and manufacturing industries when Fort Sumter, South Carolina was bombarded in April 1861 and the Civil War began. Lynchburg’s Fair Grounds and Camp Davis . . . — — Map (db m155503) HM
The Old Court House was completed in 1855 and was occupied by the Circuit and Hustings Courts and the Lynchburg city government. During the Civil War, Lynchburg became a center for war munitions, army supplies, troop training and medical facilities . . . — — Map (db m54378) HM
(preface) On May 26, 1864, Union Gen. David Hunter marched south from Cedar Creek near Winchester to drive out Confederate forces, lay waste to the Shenandoah Valley, and destroy transportation facilities at Lynchburg. His raid was . . . — — Map (db m256755) HM
These tobacco factories, built in 1845, were typical of the nineteen in Lynchburg converted into hospitals during the Civil War. Surgeon J.K. Page supervised Knight’s and Miller’s as divisions of General Hospital No. 2.
The thirty-two . . . — — Map (db m257067) HM
Following the Confederate defeat at Gettysburg in July 1863, Lynchburg’s citizens became concerned about the lack of defenses around the city. Gen. Francis Nicholls, post commander, prepared a series of earthen redoubts and trenches at strategic . . . — — Map (db m155538) HM
During the Battle of Lynchburg on June 17-18, 1864, Confederate Gen. Jubal A. Early moved his reserves into the cemetery to reinforce his lines across the Lynchburg-Salem Turnpike (Fort Ave.) at Fort Early. Before dawn on Sunday, June 19, these . . . — — Map (db m257112) HM
After Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson died on May 10, 1863 as a result of wounds suffered a week earlier at the Battle of Chancellorsville, his body was transported first to Richmond for public mourning and then to Lexington for burial. Much of . . . — — Map (db m54371) HM
In early May 1864, while Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee confronted the Union Army of the Potomac west of Fredericksburg, Union Gen. U.S. Grant sent Gen. Franz Sigel’s army to destroy Lee’s supplies in the Shenandoah Valley. After the Union defeat . . . — — Map (db m3942) HM
"The order to fix bayonets was given. The clatter of steel rang along our line and Colonel Turley gave the order to charge the battery." —Sgt. John Holliday, 91st Ohio
Gunfire and cannon blasts exploded around this spot when the Battle . . . — — Map (db m286320) HM
From here in June 1864, Confederate cavalrymen watched Gen. David Hunter’s Union army advance toward them on the Lynchburg-Salem Turnpike (Fort Ave). Hunter departed Lexington on June 14 and crossed the Blue Ridge Mountains near Peaks of Otter. . . . — — Map (db m286322) HM
Union Gen. David Hunter’s army reached the outskirts of Lynchburg on June 17, 1864, despite being delayed by engagements with Gen. John McCausland’s Confederate cavalry. That evening, Hunter made his headquarters here at Sandusky, aware that . . . — — Map (db m3923) HM
To your right, Confederates built an earthen redoubt in 1864 to defend the strategic Virginia & Tennessee Railroad trestle over Ivy Creek. The six-gun battery of the Botetourt Artillery manned the redoubt and a position on the other side of . . . — — Map (db m257124) HM
“With a graveyard on one side, quartermaster’s glanders stable on the other, and smallpox hospital in the middle, one (is) reminded of the mortality of man.” “A Confederate Surgeon’s Story,” Confederate Veteran, 1931, John . . . — — Map (db m155505) HM
”The whole course of our ordinary life was changed. All our usual avocations were at an end, and a new life began for women.”
Susan Leigh Blackford (1835-1916)
Lynchburg nurse during Civil War
The Civil War, . . . — — Map (db m257152) HM
This was the site of a Confederate training camp and Union prisoner-of-war camp during the Civil War. Before Virginia seceded from the Union in April 1861, the population of Lynchburg doubled
with the influx of soldiers from
other parts of the . . . — — Map (db m155526) HM
More than 278 Civil War veterans are buried in the Presbyterian Cemetery. Three fought for the Union, and the rest served the Confederacy. Most are identified, but 43 are unknown. Some died in one of the 32 hospitals located in Lynchburg during the . . . — — Map (db m168948) HM
On October 10, 1863, fighting "raged with fury and slaughter" across this ground as Union and Confederate troops clashed in and around the tiny hamlet of James City.
In early October 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee launched his troops or a . . . — — Map (db m289717) HM
On October 10, 1863, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee, anticipating an offensive that became known as the Bristoe Station Campaign, sent a division of Confederate horsemen led by Gen. J.E.B. Stuart north from Madison on a raid.
Confederate . . . — — Map (db m289718) HM
In Aug. 1862, Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee ordered Gen. Thomas J. “Stonewall” Jackson from the Rappahannock River to keep Gen. John Pope’s and Gen. George B. McClellan’s armies from uniting. Jackson marched on Aug. 25, and Lee followed the next . . . — — Map (db m13286) HM
Countless people have passed through the doors of Liberia, but none were as well-known as Jefferson Davis and Abraham Lincoln. Davis watched the First Battle of Manassas on July 21, 1861, and then came here to Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard's . . . — — Map (db m208956) HM
If you had been here in July 1861, you could have seen Confederate soldiers jumping down from one train after another at the junction half a mile in front of you. The trains were bringing Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army from the Shenandoah Valley . . . — — Map (db m143074) HM
If you had been here in July 1861, you could have seen Confederate soldiers jumping down from one train after another at the junction half a mile in front of you. The trains were bringing Gen. Joseph E. Johnston's army from the Shenandoah Valley . . . — — Map (db m305472) HM
In May 1867, the Ladies Memorial Association of Manassas established the Confederate Cemetery on an acre of land donated by former Confederate Col. and Mrs. William Sanford Fewell. The Fewells donated this land for the reburial here of . . . — — Map (db m214177) HM
This 11-acre historic park, part of the Manassas Museum System, contains one of only two surviving Civil War fortifications in the City of Manassas. The earthwork was built by Confederate troops in the Spring of 1861 as part of the Manassas . . . — — Map (db m2366) HM
American Indians lived on the land long before white settlers and slaves came to this area. Living in nomadic hunter-gatherer groups, people called the Dogues and the Mannahoacs roamed the Northern Virginia Piedmont region. Archaeological . . . — — Map (db m2386) HM
Archeology is the detective work of history. Evidence recovered from the soil often provides valuable clues for learning how people lived, worked, and died, especially when documentary sources are scarce. Excavations were conducted at the Hooe . . . — — Map (db m2393) HM
The Mayfield earthwork, known in military engineering terms as a redoubt, was a circle of raised earth some 200 feet in diameter. It may have included a retaining wall of timbers and brush, and planks to support artillery. While capable of . . . — — Map (db m2396) HM
Some of the Confederate cannons placed at Manassas and nearby Centreville were for show only. These non-functioning cannon were intended to deceive Union soldiers who might turn their telescopes on the earthworks: “This was nothing other than . . . — — Map (db m2408) HM
Following Virginia’s decision to secede from the Union in in April 1861, Southern troops began arriving here at the small village of Tudor Hall, which soon came to be known as Manassas Junction. This place, where the Orange & Alexandria and . . . — — Map (db m41503) HM
After the First Battle of Manassas on June 21, 1861, Confederate forces continued to hold Manassas Junction until March 1862. They evacuated Manassas and moved south in order to counter Union Gen. George B. McClellan’s plans to attack Richmond. . . . — — Map (db m41504) HM
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