The French explorers who first reached this favoured Ojibway hunting and fishing ground were soon followed by fur traders and missionaries who built a post and mission. By 1762 the region had come under British control and the trade eventually fell . . . — — Map (db m106412) HM
Some 25 miles southwest of here lies the Detour Passage between Drummond Island and Michigan's upper peninsula. In August, 1814, it was occupied by the armed U.S. schooners "Tigress" and "Scorpion", whose intention it was to prevent supplies . . . — — Map (db m86040) HM
This National Monument erected by the Brant Memorial Association, Incorporated 41 Vic. Cap. 62 S.O. to Thayendanegea. Capt. Joseph Brant born 1742 died 1807 interred at Mohawk Church and to The Six Nations Indians for their . . . — — Map (db m215797) HM
In October, 1814, an invading American force of about 700 men under Brigadier-General Duncan McArthur advanced rapidly up the Thames Valley. He intended to devastate the Grand River settlements and the region around the head of Lake Ontario which . . . — — Map (db m78341) HM
English:
Commemorating the loyal services and unswerving fidelity of the Six Nations of Iroquois Indians to the British Empire in the Seven Years War, 1755 - 1763, the War of the American Revolution, 1775 - 1783, and in the defence of . . . — — Map (db m83712) HM
English
John Brant was born in the Mohawk Village (Brantford), the youngest son of the renowned Joseph Brant. He was educated at Ancaster and Niagara, and fought with distinction during the War of 1812. Brant devoted his life to improving . . . — — Map (db m78340) HM
Upon sighting American war ships at the mouth of the Thames River on October 1, 1813, the British Army boarded scows and bateaux near this site. One by one, the boats and their cargo were pulled across the river to their next encampment site at . . . — — Map (db m184677) HM
While British Army was encamped at Dolsen's, Procter travelled to Fairfield to investigate the site as a defensive position. At Tecumseh's urging, and learning that the Americans were closing rapidly, Colonel Warburton, Procter's second-in-command, . . . — — Map (db m71360) HM
East of the Forks, the Thames River becomes shallower and not navigable for larger ships. With the American forces close behind, the British vessels were threatened with capture. One cargo ship, probably the Miamis, had already been set on fire . . . — — Map (db m71398) HM
There were many casualties at the skirmish at the Forks. Although we do not presently know the identities of the warriors who were killed, we do know that two Kentucky men in Colonel Johnson's Mounted Infantry lost their lives at this site on that . . . — — Map (db m71379) HM
Thomas McCrae was an early settler, innkeeper, and political figure in Raleigh Township along the Thames River. He served as a captain and company commander in the Kent Militia and was present at the capture of Fort Detroit. Family tradition relates . . . — — Map (db m71308) HM
Following the defeat of the British at the Battle of the Thames on October 5, 1813, American forces controlled the Thames Valley west of Moraviantown. In early December a detachment of 3 officers and 36 men of the American 26th Regiment established . . . — — Map (db m71292) HM
During the American occupation of the lower Thames, this house was used as a base for U.S. troops. In mid-December 1813, the house was occupied by 39 officers and men of the 26th Regiment led by Lieutenant Larwill.
At the same time, a group of . . . — — Map (db m71310) HM
On October 2, 1813, Tecumseh moved his warriors up-river to the Forks where he had been led to believe that fortifications would be prepared for a full-scale confrontation with harrison's army. When Tecumseh arrived, he was enraged to find no . . . — — Map (db m71335) HM
Robert McAfee, a member of Colonel Johnson's Kentucky Mounted Regiment, described the skirmish in his journal. He wrote:
Oct 4: …a woman … informed us that about six miles above the River forked, that there was a large bridge across the mouth . . . — — Map (db m71378) HM
On this site, Tecumseh, a Shawnee Chief, who was an ally of the British during the War of 1812, fought against American forces on October 4, 1813. Tecumseh was born in 1768 and became an important organizer of native resistance to the spread of . . . — — Map (db m71322) HM
The Forks of the Thames are formed by the joining of the Thames River and McGregor Creek creating a peninsula that is present day Tecumseh Park in Chatham, Ontario. The strategic importance of the site was recognized by Lieutenant Governor John . . . — — Map (db m71331) HM
The Paw Paw tree (Asimina triloba) is native to the southern, eastern, and mid-western United States and extends to Canada only in the extreme southern part of Ontario. It has the largest edible fruit native to North America. The fruit looks . . . — — Map (db m71405) HM
As Lieutenant Colonel James Johnson's horsemen were charging the British front line, his brother, Colonel Richard Johnson led an attack against the First Nations warriors in Backmetack Marsh. The mounted infantry charged the Native left flank led by . . . — — Map (db m233828) HM
In September 1813, during the second year of the War of 1812, the United States won control of Lake Erie, cutting British supply lines with the east and forcing the British to withdraw from the Detroit River region. Then, on October 5, . . . — — Map (db m78367) HM
The Moravians or "Bohemian Brethren" were a protestant sect that originated in the 1400s in Moravia and Bohemia, the present day Czech Republic. They faced persecution in their homeland and in 1722 many moved to Saxony (now part of Germany) where . . . — — Map (db m72448) HM
(Front of monument)
Fairfield on the Thames / Fairfield sur la Thames
Here stood the village of Fairfield, destroyed by invading American forces following the Battle of the Thames. , 5th October, 1813.
Its inhabitants, Delaware . . . — — Map (db m116758) HM
Jacques (James) Baby 1763-1833: A member of the Legislative and Executive Council for Upper Canada, judge for the Western District, and in command of the 1st Kent Militia, Baby was captured by the Americans at the Battle of the Thames.
Billy . . . — — Map (db m71415) HM
Makataimeshekiakiak, Black Hawk, 1767-1838: A Sauk war leader and experienced warrior, Blackhawk was a veteran of the Battles of Fort Meigs and Fort Stephenson. Although he left the war for a period of time, he rejoined the British, and scholars . . . — — Map (db m71418) HM
Shabbona 1775-1859: A Potawatomi chief, grand nephew of Pontiac, and veteran of Tippecanoe, Shabbona was an accomplished warrior and strong supporter of Tecumseh. He persuaded many natives to join the confederacy.
Sou-veh-hoo-wah, Split Log, . . . — — Map (db m71419) HM
John Adair 1757-1840: Pioneer, soldier, and statesman, Adair was a veteran of the American Revolution, was 8th governor of Kentucky, and represented that state in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the Senate. He fought at the Battle of the . . . — — Map (db m72381) HM
James Johnson 1774-1826: The brother of Richard Johnson, James was elected as a Kentucky State senator in 1808. He served as a lieutenant colonel in Johnson's Mounted Infantry and led the charge on the British lines at the Battle of the Thames along . . . — — Map (db m72385) HM
Isaac Shelby 1750-1826: Shelby was the 1st and 5th governor of Kentucky and a veteran of the American Revolution. As governor and at 63years of age, Shelby personally led the Kentucky Militia at the Battle of the Thames.
Tarhe 1742-1816: A . . . — — Map (db m72388) HM
By the early morning of October 5, 1813, the American Army had forded the Thames River and was advancing quickly. The British rearguard was able to destroy Cornwall's mill, west of Sherman's farm (present-day Thamesville, Ontario) but not the mill . . . — — Map (db m71413) HM
Born in a Shawnee village in what is now Ohio, Tecumseh became in the 1770s co-leader with his brother, the Prophet, of a movement to restore and preserve traditional Indian values. He believed a union of all the western tribes to drive back white . . . — — Map (db m71410) HM
Many of the men of the 41st Regiment had been stationed in Canada for 13 years. By October 5, 1813, they had not been paid for 6 to 9 months; they lacked tents and blankets; their uniforms were in rags; they were plagued by a variety of diseases; . . . — — Map (db m72393) HM
Robert McAfee, a soldier in Colonel Johnson's Mounted Regiment, kept a journal of his experiences, and wrote on October 7, 1813:
Spent the day in collecting in plunder ... Colonel Owings Regiment of Regulars came up and took charge of the . . . — — Map (db m72414) HM
At some point during the attack on Backmetack Marsh, Tecumseh was fatally shot. As word spread of their leader's death, one American account tells of the warriors giving, "the loudest yells I ever heard from human beings and that ended the fight." . . . — — Map (db m72405) HM
Some British officers involved reported that, due to the proximity of the enemy and the fact that the troops were exhausted and hungry, they were unable to outpace the American mounted units to Fairfield. Another theory is that Procter sought to . . . — — Map (db m71414) HM
[West Historic Marker]:Amherstburg Navy Yard
A Navy Yard was built here in 1796 to replace Detroit as the base and supply depot for the Provincial Marine on Lakes Erie and Huron. In 1812 the GENERAL HUNTER and QUEEN CHARLOTTE, built . . . — — Map (db m37552) HM
Boblo Island
For many centuries the island you see in front of you was used for hunting and fishing by First Nations people. Called Île aux Bois Blancs by the French, Boblo Island's key location made it a site for . . . — — Map (db m71185) HM
Near this site stood the house erected in 1784 by Matthew Elliott. Born in Ireland, he emigrated to the American Colonies in 1761, and during the Revolution served with the British forces as a captain in the Indian Department. He was an Indian agent . . . — — Map (db m37286) HM
Detroit River Heritage
This river not only forms the border between two great nations, but is also a vital transportation artery into the upper Great Lakes. Imagine the vessels that have travelled on it … First National canoes, . . . — — Map (db m71160) HM
The post was begun by the Royal Canadian Volunteers in 1796 to replace Detroit and to maintain British influence among the western Indians. As the principal defense of the Detroit frontier in 1812, it was here that Isaac Brock gathered his forces . . . — — Map (db m34353) HM
Fort Defences
In front of you is a recreated piece of the fort's palisade, a vertical wall of sharpened logs. This wall surrounded the fort, linking the four diamond-shaped corner projections, called bastions. Around each . . . — — Map (db m71173) HM
Indian Council House
Two hundred years ago a small building stood about 100 metres north of here, close to the water's edge. This was where meetings took place between the representatives of the British government and those of . . . — — Map (db m71170) HM
Born about 1750 in Fermanagh County, Ireland, Caldwell emigrated to Pennsylvania in 1773. During the American Revolution he served with the British forces as a captain in Butler's Rangers at Niagara and Detroit. In 1784 he obtained land near the . . . — — Map (db m37291) HM
Born at Queenston in Upper Canada, John Richardson served as a volunteer at Fort Malden during the War of 1812 and was taken prisoner by the Americans at Moraviantown. He was released at war's end, retired on half-pay in 1818, and spent most of the . . . — — Map (db m76737) HM
In the War of 1812, the first engagement in Canada involving British and American forces in significant numbers occurred here on the Canard River. On July 12, 1812, Brigadier-General William Hull invaded Canada and encamped near Sandwich. British . . . — — Map (db m34336) HM
Tradition has it that the Indian leader Tecumseh stood upon this stone to deliver a final address to the British at Amherstburg after the Battle of Lake Erie. Donated in 1939, it originally stood near the corner of Dalhousie and Gore Streets. In his . . . — — Map (db m34412) HM
In September 1813 the British squadron under R. Barclay sailed from Amherstburg to collect desperately needed food supplies. They were met by the larger, more heavily armed American squadron commanded by O. Perry. The British had the initial . . . — — Map (db m37707) HM
On July 4, 1812, Brigadier-General William Hull, commander of the North Western Army of the United States, landed with about 2,000 men near this site. He issued a proclamation stating that he came here to liberate Canada from oppression. The British . . . — — Map (db m34302) HM
Confident of victory, General Hull had invaded Canada in July 1812, but failed to take advantage of his early success and the demoralization of the defenders. Fear of the Indians then rallying to the British cause and an inability to maintain supply . . . — — Map (db m34321) HM
This house and adjacent farmland were the property of François Baby (1763-1856), first member for Kent in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada (1792-96), militia officer and Assistant Quarter Master General during the War of 1812. When the . . . — — Map (db m34303) HM
English: This peninsula, headquarters of the Provincial Marine (c. 1790-1813), and of the Royal Navy (1813-1853), was the major British naval base on Lake Ontario during the War of 1812. Buildings surviving from this period include the Naval . . . — — Map (db m83618) HM
In 1815 the Royal Navy began building a depot on the
present site of Port Maitland. Though intended in the event of war to accommodate three frigates and 1,000 men, the base actually supported only the four schooners which then made up the . . . — — Map (db m231010) HM
The Youngs
United Empire Loyalists
This land beside the Grand River was part of the Young
Tract granted to Adam Young and his family for their
loyalty to the Crown during the American Revolution. This
was in recompense for the loss of . . . — — Map (db m234931) HM
The founder of Oakville was born in Nova Scotia of
Loyalist parents who moved to Burlington Bay in 1793.
William served with distinction in the militia during the
War of 1812. He settled in Nelson Township in 1816 and
became a successful . . . — — Map (db m237075) HM
Dedicated to the soldiers of
The Lorne Scots
(Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment)
In honour of their 150th anniversary
1866-2016
And for their continuing service
to our community and country
Defence of Canada, 1812-1815 . . . — — Map (db m238723) HM WM
On the morning of September 28, 1813, a powerfully-armed United States fleet comprising ten ships under the command of Commodore Isaac Chauncey appeared off York (Toronto). The smaller British fleet of six vessels, commanded by Commodore Sir James . . . — — Map (db m56759) HM
[English Text]:
Here in June, 1813, General John Vincent assembled troops that made the successful night attack on the invaders at Stoney Creek. From this point of vantage, in December, 1813, the force which retook Fort George and . . . — — Map (db m56725) HM
These ramparts were
erected by the British troops
during the War of 1812-15.
From this place on the night
of June 5th 1813,
700 men under the command
of Lieut. Colonel Harvey,
marched to Stoney Creek
where they surprised . . . — — Map (db m56756) HM
From these heights, Lieutenant-Colonel John Harvey set out with about 700 men on the night of June 5, 1813, to launch a surprise attack on an invading United States force of some 3,000 men camped at Stoney Creek. His rout of the troops commanded by . . . — — Map (db m56743) HM
During the War of 1812 marauding bands of renegade settlers, many of whom had defected to the United States from the Niagara and London Districts, were active in southwestern Upper Canada. A number were captured and in May, 1814, nineteen . . . — — Map (db m220198) HM
Born at Queenston, George Hamilton was the son of a prosperous merchant, the Hon. Robert Hamilton. He followed his father's career as a merchant in the Niagara District until the War of 1812, in which he served as a Captain of Light Dragoons. . . . — — Map (db m218241) HM
[text on left side]
BLOODY ASSIZE
In the spring of 1814, a court of assize (travelling circuit court) in Ancaster convicted fifteen men of high treason for aiding American forces during the War of 1812. In June 1814, the harshest of sentences . . . — — Map (db m222062) HM
We honour here fifty-three sailors who lost their lives when their ships, HAMILTON and SCOURGE, capsized during a storm in the early morning hours of Sunday, 8th August 1813. These two armed merchant schooners lie in 90 metres of water, 30 . . . — — Map (db m56928) HM
In 1794, with Europe caught in the turmoil of the
French Revolution and talk of war with the United
States widespread, Lieutenant Governor John Graves
Simcoe found the frontiers of Upper Canada seriously
isolated and threatened by the young . . . — — Map (db m234207) HM
The flashes of lightning were incessant, and nearly blinded me. Our decks seemed on fire, and yet I could see nothing. I heard no hail, no order, no call; but the schooner was filled with the shrieks and cries of the men...
Ned Myers' . . . — — Map (db m232634) HM
Hamilton & Scourge
The wrecks of the Hamilton and Scourge
are rare examples of vessels used during
the War of 1812. Designed as merchant
schooners, both were converted into
American warships once hostilities
began and each . . . — — Map (db m232638) HM
In August 1812, after the American invasion of Canada by Brigadier General William Hull on the Detroit River frontier, the Speaker of the House of Assembly in York (Toronto) warned that Upper Canada faced a "conspiracy against the civilization of . . . — — Map (db m242558) HM
The area now known as Carroll's Bay is a very distinctive geographical feature, with its shoreline projecting into the water from the north shore bluffs.
During the War of 1812, British Commander Vincent took advantage of the bay and installed . . . — — Map (db m242360) HM
"This Belt which I now hand to you I ask in compliance with your
Customs be sent by you with these my words in his behalf to all the
Nations in friendship with your Great Father the King of England."
Col. William Claus, April 1815 . . . — — Map (db m227174) HM
This plaque commemorates the historic homesite of
Richard Beasley
United Empire Loyalist Merchant Soldier Politician
Member of the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada 1791
Appointed Justice of the Peace 1795, Magistrate 1796 . . . — — Map (db m231253) HM
On June 5, 1813, an invading United States army of about 3,000 men, commanded by Brigadier - General John Chandler, camped in this vicinity. That evening some 700 British regulars of the 8th and 49th Regiments, under the command of Lieutenant - . . . — — Map (db m56720) HM
[English Text]: Battle of Stoney Creek
During 1813 the Americans planned to invade Upper Canada from Detroit and the Niagara Peninsula. In late May, an American force crossed the Niagara River, seized Fort George, and with about . . . — — Map (db m56762) HM
[Text on First Historic Marker]:
Battlefield House
and
Fifteen and one-half acres of
Parkland
Property of
The women's Wentworth Historical Society
1899-1962
Given by this society to the
Niagara Parks Commission
as a . . . — — Map (db m56805) HM
[Text on West Side of Monument]:
In Memory Of
Billy Green
"The Scout"
Who led British troops
in surprise night
attack winning decisive
Battle of Stoney Creek.
Born Feb. 4, 1794
Died Mar. 15, . . . — — Map (db m56822) HM
The Battlefield of Stoney Creek
6th June 1813
In memory of 20 good and true King's Men who,
in fighting in defence of their country, died
and were buried on this knoll.
This revised inscription and stone re-dedicated
June 6th . . . — — Map (db m56798) HM
Originally located at the north-east corner of king Street East and Nash Road in the city of Hamilton, the house known as the Nash=Jackson House was built in 1818. The property on which the house stood, part of William Gage's original land grant, . . . — — Map (db m56859) HM
Canada Remembers
Lieutenant Samuel Hooker,
Sergeant Joseph Hunt, Pri-
vates James Daig, Thomas
Fearnsides, Richard Hugill,
George Longley, Laurence
Meade, John Pegler, John Smith,
and John Wale of the First
Battalion of the . . . — — Map (db m56819) HM
English:
On 19 March 1813 Sir James Yeo, a brave and audacious commander earlier in the Napoleonic War, was appointed Commodore and senior officier on the Lakes of Canada. Having never commanded a Squadron before, he was instructed by the . . . — — Map (db m83570) HM
English:
With the outbreak of the War of 1812, a blockhouse was quickly constructed on Point Frederick complementary to and earlier one built on Point Henry. Both provided protection for the Kingston dockyard which was the pivotal point of . . . — — Map (db m83613) HM
The first Fort Henry was built during the War of 1812 to protect the British dockyards in Navy Bay. The present limestone citadel, constructed between 1832 and 1837, replaced the old fort as part of a larger plan for the defence of the recently . . . — — Map (db m39364) HM
English: A strategic location for the defence of the Loyalist settlement at Cataraqui (Kingston), this point was reserved in 1788 and named after Sir Frederick Haldimand, Governor of Quebec (1778-86). In 1790-91 a guardhouse and storehouse . . . — — Map (db m83571) HM
In November 1812, guns of the original fort here were fired against American ships attacking Kingston. Perhaps this attack came as retaliation for the earlier Canadian one on Sackets (sic) Harbor, but more likely American commander Chauncey felt his . . . — — Map (db m83615) HM
English:
In memory of the officers and seamen of the Royal Navy and Provincial Marine, and the officers and soldiers on the Royal Marines, Royal Newfoundland, King’s (8th) and 100th Regiments, who served on Lake Ontario in defence of . . . — — Map (db m83620) WM
English:
Born at Southampton, England, Yeo entered the British Navy, served throughout the Napoleonic Wars and won rapid promotion by his ability. In 1813, already a Commodore, he came to Canada to command British forces on the Great . . . — — Map (db m83616) HM
English: During the entire War of 1812, Canadian, British, and American land and naval forces campaigned across a vast territory from the Mississippi Valley, through the region south of Montreal, and well into the territories of the Atlantic . . . — — Map (db m83534) HM
Morris is acknowledged as a leading force in the founding of Queen's College in 1840 and in the securing of its royal charter in 1841. His considerable reputation for honesty, justice and integrity enabled him successfully to draft and push . . . — — Map (db m233744) HM
The 3 locks here were designed to overcome a series of rapids with a total fall of over 7 metres (20 feet). A set like this is known as a flight of locks - each lock raises a vessel part of the way - rather like a stairway. Construction here . . . — — Map (db m124723) HM
On the night of February 6-7, 1813, Major Benjamin Forsyth of the United States Army, with a detachment of regulars and militia numbering about 200 men, crossed the frozen St. Lawrence River from Morristown, N.Y., and attacked Brockville. The . . . — — Map (db m83482) HM
Brockville was named after the Provisional Civi Administrator of Upper Canada and the Commanding Officier of the British forces in Upper Canada during the War of 1812-1814.
The government of Upper Canada first named this community . . . — — Map (db m83527) HM
Pictured hereon is the
1812 monument in St. Paul's Cathedral,
London, England with the following inscription:
Erected at the public expense
To the memory of
Major General
Sir Isaac Brock,
who gloriously fell
on . . . — — Map (db m146942) HM
Born in Connecticut, Stone forfeited his home and property there when he fled to New York to serve with the Loyalist militia during the American Revolution. He came to Canada in 1786, settled with his family in New Johnstown (now Cornwall) and was . . . — — Map (db m90006) HM
English:
A vulnerable point on the vital line of supply from Lower Canada in the War of 1812-14. Raided on the 21st September, 1812, when the bridge was broken up. Fortified by the Leeds Militia and garrisoned in turn by the 104th, 41st, . . . — — Map (db m83528) HM
In 1792, as a result of the [R]evolutionary War, Joel Stone, a loyalist to the British crown, arrived on this site and established a settlement which became the Town of Gananoque.
On June 18th the United States declared war on Great Britain. . . . — — Map (db m207521) HM WM
On September 21, 1812, a United States force of some 200 regulars and militia under Capt. Benjamin Forsyth attacked Gananoque. The village was an important forwarding point for supplies moving up the St. Lawrence from Montreal to Kingston and was . . . — — Map (db m83531) HM
At this place on September 21, 1812, the 2nd Regiment of the Leeds Rifle Company, a local militia commanded by Colonel Joel Stone, defended this village during an American raid by Captain Benjamin Forsyth and the 1st Rifle Company from . . . — — Map (db m207414) HM
When Colonel Stone returned after the raid, he found the government storehouse in ashes, the bridge destroyed and his home ransacked. His wife, Abigail, had been seriously injured and took some time to recover. As a deterrent to any . . . — — Map (db m207630) HM
On June 18, 1812, war was declared between Britain and the United States. By then, Colonel Joel Stone commanded 386 officers and men of the 2nd Leeds Militia. Less than 60 were in the area when on September 21, 1812, Captain Benjamin . . . — — Map (db m207628) HM
Joel Stone was a prosperous merchant, who was born and raised in Connecticut and who joined British forces as a captain of the Loyalist militia in New York during the American Revolution (1775-1783). Because of his loyalty to Britain, . . . — — Map (db m207525) HM
During the war of 1812, Gananoque was a strategic point along the St. Lawrence River corridor. All supplies heading west to support British and Canadian forces had to pass through this channel.
On September 21, 1812, a company of U.S. army . . . — — Map (db m90003) HM
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