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“Bite-Size Bits of Local, National, and Global History”
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Wideview of The Bruce Mines Marker image, Touch for more information
By Kevin Craft, July 4, 2017
Wideview of The Bruce Mines Marker
1 Ontario, Algoma District, Bruce Mines — The Bruce Mines
On Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17) at Taylor Street, on the right when traveling east on Trans-Canada Highway.
The original claim to the Bruce Mine location was filed in September, 1846 by James Cuthbertson. It was acquired the following year by the Montreal Mining Company, and production commenced in 1847-48 at what became the first commercially successful . . . Map (db m105635) HM
2 Ontario, Algoma District, Sault Ste. Marie — Francis Hector Clergue(1856-1939)
On Hub Trail at Canal Drive, on the right when traveling north on Hub Trail.
A Maine-born promoter, Clergue transformed Sault Ste. Marie into a major industrial centre. He purchased an unfinished hydroelectric station and canal at the Sault in 1894; then, lacking markets for his electric power, he created his own . . . Map (db m106374) HM
3 Ontario, Algoma District, Sault Ste. Marie — Nicolas Perrotca. 1644-1717
Near Bay Street at East Street.
Explorer, interpreter, fur trader and diplomat, French-born Perrot played an important role in the establishment and protection of New France's western frontier during the last four decades of the 17th century. In 1671 he was with Saint-Lusson at . . . Map (db m105957) HM
4 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — 100 Years of Gold Mining in Michipicoten1897-1997
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
In recognition And In Tribute To The Men and Women Of The Mining Industry Who Developed The Gold Mines, And Our Community To What It Is Today.Map (db m218198) HM
5 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Agnes Turcott (nee Lindgren)
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Wawa's first town historian was Mrs. Agnes Turcott. Born Agnes Lindgren in Goren, Missouri in 1909, she spent her youth on the family homestead at Biggar, Saskatchewan. At the age of 18 she was a pioneer teacher earning $400 a year. Her marriage . . . Map (db m218197) HM
6 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Aime Breton
On Broadway Avenue just north of Mackey Street, on the left when traveling north.
Born in Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario in August, 1907, Joseph Ernest Aime Breton was raised in a large family whose parents were involved in the hotel industry. Aime loved the wilderness and people. He could run a hotel just as easily as he could trap, . . . Map (db m218502) HM
7 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Alex Ross
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Born in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Alex Ross was attracted to the Michipicoten area with hundreds of other fortune seekers after the cry of gold echoed through the hills in 1897. Alex first worked as a cook at the Minto Mine in 1898. Never one to . . . Map (db m218193) HM
8 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Artillo Berdusco
On Broadway Avenue just north of Mackey Street, on the left when traveling north.
Born in Sault Ste. Marie in 1929, Atillio (Tillio) was the oldest of 8 children of Reno and Pauline Berdusco. The family first settled at the Parkhill Mine where Reno worked as a gold miner and Pauline operated a dry goods store. When the gold . . . Map (db m218298) HM
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9 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Bernard Alphonse (Al) Turcott
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Born in 1907, Al Turcott came to Wawa in 1939 with the idea that he would be employed for 6 months assisting with the construction of the crushing plant at the New Helen Mine. Deeply attracted to the area, Al soon sent for his wife Agnes and two . . . Map (db m218196) HM
10 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Construction of the Trans-Canada Highway / La Construction de la Route Transcanadienne
On Mission Road (National Highway 101) 0.5 kilometers north of Trans-Canada Highway (National Highway 17), on the right when traveling south.
[English] This highway's construction from St. John's to Victoria between 1949 and 1970 was a great feat of engineering, linking the provinces of this vast country. Here, in 1960, near the halfway point of the 7,821 kilometre-long . . . Map (db m199454) HM
11 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Francis Hector Clergue
On Broadway Avenue just north of Mackey Street, on the left when traveling north.
Francis Hector Clergue was the visionary who recognized that Wawa's resource rich wilderness was the fuel to feed an industrial empire in Sault Ste. Marie. Born in Brewer, Maine in 1856, Clergue was a dynamic man with boundless energy, . . . Map (db m218375) HM
12 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Joe Ball
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Joe Ball is one of Wawa's more colourful pioneers. Born in Michigan in 1864, Joe was one of many prospectors who found himself attracted to the lure of gold in the rugged hills around Wawa at the end of the 19th century. Joe worked as a caretaker . . . Map (db m218192) HM
13 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Keith Messenger
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Born in Saginaw, Michigan in 1920, Keith earned his private pilot’s license at the age of 20. He joined the U.S. Navy during World War II and was first stationed in Alaska. He flew OS2U Kingfishers and learned the hard way what the brutal Northern . . . Map (db m218191) HM
14 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Lady Dunn
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Lady Dunn was born Marcia Anastasia Christoforides in Sutton, England in 1909. During the Second World War, Marcia became the personal secretary for Sir James Dunn, a wealthy Canadian financier who was responsible for the rebirth and development of . . . Map (db m218190) HM
15 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Louise (Niganigijigok) Towab
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Louise Towab and her husband William Teddy are memorialized in Wawa's history books as discovering gold on Wawa Lake and forever changing the rugged landscape of this corner of Lake Superior country. Born in 1857, Louise represents the virtually . . . Map (db m218194) HM
16 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Mickey Clement
On Broadway Avenue just north of Mackey Street, on the left when traveling north.
Mention Northern Ontario diamonds, log cabins or the Wawa Goose and the name Mickey Clement will quickly follow. Clifford Claude "Mickey" Clement was born with the prospecting bug. He learned the rules and tools of the trade while panning and . . . Map (db m218299) HM
17 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Mining Michipicoten
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Mountains of Minerals The town of Wawa is surrounded by some of the world's oldest rock. These ancient Precambrian mountains were formed some 2.7 billion years ago. Within these mountains is a melting pot of minerals that have . . . Map (db m218199) HM
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18 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Monument to Mining
On Broadway Avenue just south of Algoma Street, on the right when traveling north.
The Joy Super Heavyweight Champion Rotary Blast Hole Drill was utilized by Algoma Ore Division first at the Sir James Open Pit Mine which operated from 1958-1967 and later at the Lucy Open Pit Operation from 1967 to 1970. More than 8,500,000 gross . . . Map (db m218300) HM
19 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Rod Morrison
On Broadway Avenue just north of Mackey Street, on the left when traveling north.
Rod Morrison Sr. and the Algoma Ore Athey Wagon go hand in hand. Roderick F. Morrison was born in the Muskokas in 1917. He followed his brother Neil to work in the gold mines of Matechewan in 1936. In 1940 the newly constructed Sinter . . . Map (db m218399) HM
20 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Sir James Dunn
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Sir James Dunn was a major Canadian business icon who was instrumental in the rebirth and growth of Wawa and Sault Ste. Marie in the first half of the 20th century. James Hamet Dunn was born in Bathhurst, New Brunswick in 1874. He was an articulate . . . Map (db m218195) HM
21 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — The Magpie River Valley
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
The famous Wawa Goose gazes out over the Trans-Canada Highway as it carries traffic through the Magpie River Valley. Some sections of this roadway follow old native trails and wagon paths leading from Lake Superior, along the Magpie River to the . . . Map (db m218328) HM
22 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — The Michipicoten Canoe Route
Near Trans-Canada Highway (National Highway 17) 1.4 kilometers south of High Falls Road, on the right when traveling south.
The nearby Michipicoten River formed an important link in the canoe route from Lake Superior to James Bay via the Michipicoten, Missinaibi and Moose Rivers. The route was probably explored at an early date by the French Fur traders who maintained a . . . Map (db m199496) HM
23 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Thomas Surluga
On Broadway Avenue just north of Mackey Street, on the left when traveling north.
For Wawa residents, the name Surluga instantly conjures images of an overgrown gravel road, abandoned headframes rusted mining equipment and forgotten ghost towns. Tom Surluga was born in Krizisce, Croatia in 1907. As a teenager he found himself . . . Map (db m218397) HM
24 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Wawa — an unforgettable name
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
Wawa is just one of those place names that stands out. It is one of those names you will never forget. Where did this town get such a unique name and what does it mean? Ojibway Country When the first Europeans traveled to the Wawa . . . Map (db m218200) HM
25 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Wawa's Golden Hills & Mountains of Iron
On Broadway Avenue just south of Algoma Street, on the right when traveling north.
Gold and Iron! What more could a mining town possibly want? The cry of "GOLD" in 1897 transformed the quiet fur trading country of Michipicoten into a bustling miniature Klondike. The Michipicoten Ojibway couple of Louise Towab and William Teddy . . . Map (db m218400) HM
26 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — Wawa's Logging Heritage
Near Scenic High Falls Road (Pinewood Drive), 3.6 kilometers west of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17).
Wawa's economy is based on our abundance of natural resources. Fur, fish, iron, gold, water and trees. The jumble of logs found at the base of Scenic High Falls are the remnants of Wawa's important logging history. Wood was first harvested along . . . Map (db m218600) HM
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27 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa — William Teddy
Near Mission Road (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Trans-Canada Highway (Provincial Highway 17), on the left when traveling north.
William Teddy was an Ojibway/Cree native Canadian born in 1855 in the Missinabie/Moose River region of Northern Ontario. Records show that William worked as a native guide for tourists, recreational fishermen and prospectors travelling thru the . . . Map (db m218189) HM
28 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa, Michipicoten — Captain Arthur Batten & S.S. Caribou
On Government Dock Road, 1 kilometer west of Michipicoten Harbour Road.
The weekly arrival of Captain Batten and the S.S. Caribou at Government Dock Beach at the mouth of the Michipicoten River was the highlight of early residents during the shipping season. Launched from her home port of Owen Sound in July 1904, the . . . Map (db m218556) HM
29 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa, Michipicoten — Government Dock — A Sign of History —
On Government Dock Road, 1 kilometer west of Michipicoten Harbour Road.
This beach received men & supplies for construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the 1880’s. In 1910 the Dominion Government & C.P.R. built a wharf and warehouse which were destroyed in the 1960’s.Map (db m218487) HM
30 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa, Michipicoten — Louisa MacKenzie Bethune (1793-1833)
On Michipicoten Harbour Road, 0.8 kilometers west of Queen Street, on the left when traveling west.
The life and legacy of Louisa MacKenzie represents the important role of women in Canada's early frontier and the evolution of the fur trade industry. Louisa was the daughter of Honourable Roderick Mackenzie and a Chipewyan woman. Louisa was born . . . Map (db m218188) HM
31 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa, Michipicoten — Michipicoten Scenic Lookout
On Michipicoten Harbour Road, 1.5 kilometers west of Queen Street, on the left when traveling west.
From this high bluff, on a clear northern day, you can see the vast expanse of Lake Superior and the dramatic coastline of Michipicoten Bay. This is one of the only accessible lookouts with a fantastic view of pristine Lake Superior, mysterious . . . Map (db m218668) HM
32 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa, Michipicoten — Philip Turnor1752-1800
Near Superior Avenue, 0.6 kilometers west of Michipicoten River Village Road.
Michipicoten can be found on some of the earliest European maps created by early explorers of North America. One of the first official cartographers to put Michipicoten on the map was the English surveyor Philip Turnor. Born in the English . . . Map (db m218634) HM
33 Ontario, Algoma District, Wawa, Michipicoten — The Fur Trade at MichipicotenFur Trading Posts
On Michipicoten Harbour Road, 0.8 kilometers west of Queen Street, on the left when traveling west.
Welcome to the centre of Canada's dynamic fur trade history for nearly 200 years. The Michipicoten First Nation's introduced the first European explorers to the rich fur-bearing forests of their home in the 1600's. Michipicoten was the ideal . . . Map (db m218187) HM
34 Ontario, Brant County, Brant, Paris — “King” Capron 1796-1872
On Homestead Road at Hiram Road, on the right when traveling east on Homestead Road.
This house was built in 1831 by Hiram Capron, a native of Vermont who, in 1822, had emigrated to Norfolk County where he helped to establish one of Upper Canada's earliest iron foundries. He settled here at the Forks of the Grand in 1829, . . . Map (db m223280) HM
35 Ontario, Brant County, Brantford — Canada’s First Telephone Business Office 1877
On Tutela Heights Road, 0.8 kilometers east of Mount Pleasant Road, on the left when traveling east.
In 1877 this house, then located in downtown Brantford, became Canada's first telephone business office. It was the residence of the Reverend Thomas Philip Henderson (1816-1887), a former Baptist minister and school inspector in Paris, . . . Map (db m230401) HM
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36 Ontario, Brant County, Brantford — Royal Victoria Place
On Dalhousie Street just west of George Street, on the right when traveling west.
Royal Victoria Place, originally known as the Commercial Buildings, was designed by John Turner and built in 1881 by Bernhard Heyd. One of the first occupants was the Royal Loan and Savings Company. Following a devastating fire in 1988, . . . Map (db m215851) HM
37 Ontario, Brant County, Brantford — The Bell Homestead/ La Propriété Bell
On Tutela Heights Road, 0.8 kilometers east of Mount Pleasant Road, on the left when traveling east.
The Bell Homestead Here at his parents' home in July 1874, Alexander Graham Bell conceived the fundamental idea of the telephone and, in August 1876, carried out the first successful long-distance trials. The Homestead evokes the . . . Map (db m230331) HM
38 Ontario, Brant County, Brantford — The Founding of Brantford
On Wellington Street just east of George Street, on the left when traveling east.
In the 1820's significant improvements to the Hamilton and London road attracted settlers to the Indian lands at Brant's Ford where this thoroughfare crossed the Grand River. A thriving village soon developed and in 1830 the Six Nations surrendered . . . Map (db m199047) HM
39 Ontario, Brant County, Brantford — William Charles Good1876-1967
Near Myrtleville Drive, 0.3 kilometers west of Balmoral Drive, on the right when traveling west.
[English] A leading spokesman for Canadian agrarian and co-operative movements, Good was born and raised on Myrtleville farm. He early developed a strong sense of social responsibility and, returning here after attending the . . . Map (db m217700) HM
40 Ontario, Bruce County, Paisley — The Founding of Paisley
On Goldie Street (Provincial Highway 11) at Queen Street South, on the right when traveling west on Goldie Street.
In 1852, shortly after this region was opened for settlement, the government reserved land for a town here on the Elora and Saugeen Road, at the confluence of the Teeswater and Saugeen Rivers. Already settled on the site were Simon Orchard and . . . Map (db m198319) HM
41 Ontario, Chatham-Kent, Dresden — SawmillScierie
Near Uncle Tom's Road (County Route 40) close to Park Street, on the right when traveling west.
This area was once covered in a thick, growth of trees including black walnut, maple, beech, elm and white oak. To make use of these natural resources, Josiah Henson and his sons used donations from benefactors in Boston to build a . . . Map (db m78402) HM
42 Ontario, Cochrane District, Cochrane — The Founding of Cochrane / La fondation de Cochrane
On Railway Street, 0.1 kilometers east of 7th Avenue South, on the right when traveling east.
[English] For centuries the site of Cochrane was used by indigenous peoples as a summer camping ground. Later it became a stopping place for fur traders en route to Moose Factory. In 1907 the Temiskaming and Northern Ontario Railway . . . Map (db m217898) HM
43 Ontario, Cochrane District, Connaught — Frederick House
On Frederick House Lake Road, 1.6 kilometers east of Connaught Road, on the right when traveling east.
[English] A Hudson's Bay Company post named after a son of George III, Frederick House was established in 1785 to prevent Canadian fur traders in the Abitibi region from intercepting the passage of furs to Moose Fort (Moose Factory) . . . Map (db m217973) HM
44 Ontario, Cochrane District, Iroquois Falls — Frank Harris Anson Memorial
On Anson Drive at Devonshire Avenue, on the right when traveling west on Anson Drive.
Erected by the citizens of Iroquois Falls and the directors of the company to the memory of Frank Harris Anson 1859-1923 founder and first president of Abitibi Power and Paper Company Limited.Map (db m245618) HM
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45 Ontario, Cochrane District, Iroquois Falls — The Founding of Iroquois Falls / La fondation d'Iroquois Falls
On Cambridge Avenue at Synagogue Avenue, on the left when traveling north on Cambridge Avenue.
[English] This region's first inhabitants were aboriginal peoples who were attracted by its abundant natural resources and extensive water routes. Europeans arrived in the late 1600s to acquire furs and establish trade with the . . . Map (db m217890) HM
46 Ontario, Cochrane District, Iroquois Falls — The Historic Gibbens and Davis Boats
On Park Street just west of Cambridge Avenue, on the left when traveling west.
The Trueman Gibbens and the Clark Davis Boats were transported from Owen Sound by train and were assembled and launched in Lowbush in 1947 and 1951 respectively. Specifically designed for work in the shallow waters of Lake Abitibi of depths less . . . Map (db m245499) HM
47 Ontario, Cochrane District, Iroquois Falls — The Historic Shay 70 Locomotive
On Anson Drive just west of Cambridge Avenue, on the right when traveling west.
The year is 1880 when Ephraim Shay (1839-1916), a man with inventive and mechanical ability, developed a powerful and agile locomotive that could climb, turn and operate on uneven ground. On February 27, 1926, the SHAY 70 rolled off the assembly . . . Map (db m245500) HM
48 Ontario, Cochrane District, Matheson — Croesus Mine Ore Skip
Near Railway Street just west of 4th Avenue (Provincial Highway 101), on the left when traveling west.
One of the riches veins of gold ore ever discovered. A sample of the ore is on display at Queens Park Toronto.Map (db m244993) HM
49 Ontario, Cochrane District, Matheson — The Chute
Near Railway Street just west of 4th Avenue (Provincial Highway 101), on the left when traveling west.
The chute was a narrow, fast water part of the Black River located approximately 1.0 km above the highway 101 bridge. It was here that the MacDougall family and their friends set up an encampment during their journeys through the area. The chute . . . Map (db m244991) HM
50 Ontario, Cochrane District, Porcupine — Porcupine Mining Area / Région minière de Porcupine
On King Street (Provincial Highway 101) at Bellemare Street, on the right when traveling west on King Street.
[English] From the 1880s onwards, as railways opened up northern Ontario, prospecting activity in this region intensified. The Porcupine gold rush began in 1909 following three significant discoveries. Thousands of prospectors and . . . Map (db m217899) HM
51 Ontario, Cochrane District, South Porcupine — The Gold Seekers / Les chercheurs d'or
On Main Street at Bloor Avenue, on the left when traveling south on Main Street.
[English] There is no shortage of stories about the prospectors who came north during the Porcupine Gold Rush of 1909. Life was not easy; they carried 75-pound packs through muskeg and uneven ground. Of course nothing was certain . . . Map (db m199240) HM
52 Ontario, Cochrane District, Timmins — "The Big Three" / Les trois principales mines
On Algonquin Boulevard East (Provincial Highway 101) just east of Brunette Road, on the right when traveling east.
[English] Timmins is one of the richest gold producing areas in the world; the Porcupine Gold Rush led to the extraction of well over 65 million ounces of gold to date and by comparison, the Klondike Gold Rush coaxed out just over 5 . . . Map (db m244434) HM
53 Ontario, Cochrane District, Timmins — Gold Mining in Canada / Production de l'or au Canada
Near 2nd Avenue at Brunette Road, on the right when traveling south.
[English] After the Cariboo and Klondike rushes, gold production in Canada entered a new era with the discovery of lode deposits in the Porcupine area in 1909. The mines in this district, notably the Hollinger which became one of . . . Map (db m199247) HM
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54 Ontario, Cochrane District, Timmins — The Porcupine Gold Rush / La Ruée vers l'or de Porcupine
On University Street, 0.1 kilometers south of Jubilee Avenue West, in the median.
[English] "Great Rush of men to the Porcupine!" "On to the Porcupine is now the Cry!" Prospectors and speculators came from across the continent to take part in the Porcupine Gold Rush that began in earnest in 1909 with the . . . Map (db m244343) HM
55 Ontario, Cochrane District, Timmins — The Refinery Pour / La coulée de l'or
On Airport Road, 5.8 kilometers north of Laforest Road, on the right.
[English] Once the ore is mined from the earth, the gold must be removed from the ore. The extraction of gold from ore and refining it into 'pure' gold involves a number of physical and chemical processes that are carried out on an . . . Map (db m244417) HM
56 Ontario, Cochrane District, Timmins, Schumacher — Ore From the Kidd Creek Mineof Texas Gulf Sulphur Company
On McIntyre Road just north of Schumacher Drive (Provincial Highway 101), on the left when traveling north.
Erected by the Timmins-Porcupine Chamber of Commerce in June, 1966 to commemorate development of this important zinc, copper, lead, silver discovery (time capsule in base) ————— Celebrating 50 Years of World Class Mining and Metallurgy (2016) Kidd . . . Map (db m244446) HM
57 Ontario, Durham Region, Ajax — The Founding of Pickering
On Old Kingston Road just west of Church Street North, on the left when traveling west.
Between 1801 and 1807 a settlement developed here in Pickering Township where the Danforth Road crossed Duffin's Creek. Among the early settlers was Timothy Rogers, a prominent Quaker and colonizer who built a saw and grist-mill in 1809. A . . . Map (db m208413) HM
58 Ontario, Durham Region, Clarington — King Street, Circa 1900Historic Bowmanville
On King Street East at Division Street, on the left when traveling west on King Street East.
Originally known as Darlington Mills, Bowmanville was founded in 1794 when an American family of Loyalists settled near the site of Vanstone's Mill. The first businesses were established in the river valley south of the mill but are now gone. . . . Map (db m245101) HM
59 Ontario, Durham Region, Clarington, Bowmanville — Market Square, Town Hall & Horsey Block, 1880.Historic Bowmanville
On Temperance Street at King Street West, on the right when traveling north on Temperance Street.
With Mr. Levi Tole conducting auction sales & hawkers of patent medicines pitching their wares, the Church & Temperance St. or Market Square, was a busy centre of downtown activity. On the edge of the square was the town pump. This was a popular . . . Map (db m245097) HM
60 Ontario, Durham Region, Clarington, Courtice — The People’s Mill
On Old Kingston Road, 0.2 kilometers east of Durham Highway 2, on the right when traveling east.
This cairn marks the site of a late 19th century grist mill and miller’s house. The stones are from the foundation of the miller’s house. In 1874 Jacob Stalter built a mill pond, just north of this site, close to the junction of the Black & . . . Map (db m245538) HM
61 Ontario, Durham Region, Clarington, Newcastle — Newcastle Fish Hatchery 1868
On Durham Regional Highway 2, 0.2 kilometers east of Cobbledick Road, on the right when traveling west.
On this site in 1866 Samuel Wilmot began to experiment with the artificial breeding of salmon. His success led the federal government in 1868 to enlarge Wilmot’s project into Ontario's first full scale fish hatchery, one of the earliest in North . . . Map (db m244767) HM
62 Ontario, Durham Region, Clarington, Tyrone — Robert McLaughlin1836 - 1921
On Concession Road 7, 0.5 kilometers west of Liberty Street North, on the right when traveling west.
Robert McLaughlin, a pioneer of the Canadian vehicle industry, was born in the family homestead on this property. In 1867, despite lack of technical training, he built two cutters in his driving-shed which stood near this site. His business . . . Map (db m244813) HM
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63 Ontario, Durham Region, Leaskdale — Leaskdale Country StoreA Community Centre for Over 125 Years
On Durham Regional Road 13 at Concession Road 7 (County Road 1), on the right when traveling west on Durham Regional Road 13.
Established in 1869 as a home site, it was then used as a hotel from 1879 to 1897. Albert Cook expanded the building and opened the general store in 1898. Herb Harrison was the proprietor from 1919 to 1949. The store was, and still is, . . . Map (db m243793) HM
64 Ontario, Durham Region, Oshawa — R.S. "Sam" McLaughlin, C.C., 1871-1972
Near Simcoe Street North (Durham Regional Road 2) just south of Parkwood Court, on the right when traveling south.
Born in nearby Enniskillen, McLaughlin apprenticed in his father's Oshawa carriage works when he was sixteen. Convinced of the potential for growth of the automobile industry, he established in 1907 the McLaughlin Motor Car Company, the first major . . . Map (db m198928) HM
65 Ontario, Durham Region, Oshawa — Robert Samuel McLaughlin(1871-1972)
Near Simcoe Street North (Durham Regional Road 2) just south of Parkwood Court, on the right when traveling south.
[English] A famous industrialist and philanthropist, “Colonel Sam” McLaughlin was a founder of the automotive industry in Canada. Involved in the design and manufacture of carriages and sleighs for his family business, he foresaw . . . Map (db m208898) HM
66 Ontario, Durham Region, Oshawa, Central Oshawa — Driving ForceBy Rudolf Stussi, Toronto, Ontario (1996)
On Celina Street south of King Street East, on the right when traveling south.
The evolution of Oshawa’s automobile industry is depicted in this mural. In 1899, the McLaughlin Carriage Factory was destroyed by fire, but rebuilt within one year. The McLaughlin Motor Car Company, founded in 1907, began producing automobiles an . . . Map (db m227889) HM
67 Ontario, Durham Region, Oshawa, Lakeview — Guy House
On Simcoe Street South, 0.2 kilometers Lakeview Park Avenue, on the right when traveling south.
"A very busy and thriving neighbourhood the harbour must have been in the middle decades of the last century when the Lake was the principal highway, when a great part of what was brought in came to the wharf, as well as most of what was sent . . . Map (db m245234) HM
68 Ontario, Durham Region, Oshawa, O'Neill — Full Steam AheadBy Gus Froese, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan (1995)
On Richmond Street West just west of Simcoe Street North (Provincial Highway 2), on the right when traveling west.
This montage presents images of Oshawa’s development including the historic Sydenham Harbour, and the Oshawa Carriage Works, the factory operated by the McLaughlin Carriage Company, forerunner of General Motors of Canada. Also depicted are a 1924 . . . Map (db m227891) HM
69 Ontario, Durham Region, Oshawa, O'Neill — General Motors of CanadaBy John Hood, Toronto, Ontario (1996-1997)
On Bond Street West just west of Prince Street, on the left when traveling west.
This mural was sponsored by General Motors of Canada. The first panel illustrates members of the McLaughlin family, founders of the McLaughlin Carriage Company and McLaughlin Motor Car Company, forerunner of General Motors of Canada. Other panels . . . Map (db m227775) HM
70 Ontario, Durham Region, Oshawa, O'Neill — Historical Industry and LabourBy Robin Burgesse, Ottawa, Ontario (1996)
On Bond Street West, 0.08 kilometers west of Simcoe Street North (Provincial Highway 2), on the left when traveling west.
This mural portrays Oshawa’s development with the slogan “Building on a Strong Foundation.” Listed at the top are early companies from Oshawa’s past. The panels below depict scenes from three influential companies — Warren Mills, Williams Piano . . . Map (db m227773) HM
71 Ontario, Durham Region, Oshawa, O'Neill — On The Lake (The Argyle)By Ross Beard, Welland, Ontario (1995)
On King Street East at Ontario Street, on the left when traveling east on King Street East.
The Argyle was a passenger and freight steamer that docked at Sydenham Harbour in the early 1900’s. It operated between Toronto and Cobourg with stops in Whitby, Oshawa and Bowmanville. The return fare from Oshawa to Toronto was $1.00. Evening . . . Map (db m227898) HM
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72 Ontario, Essex County, Amherstburg — The Commissariat Office
Near Dalhousie Street west of Rankin Avenue.
The office for the Commissariat Department was built in 1831 near the government wharf and storehouse. Commissary officials purchased from local contractors the flour, beef, straw and firewood used by troops. They also managed Fort Malden's . . . Map (db m37356) HM
73 Ontario, Essex County, Windsor — Hiram Walker1816 - 1899
On Riverside Drive East west of Walker Road, on the left when traveling east.
Massachusetts born, Hiram Walker had by the 1850s become a successful general merchant, distiller and grain dealer in Detroit. After Michigan adopted prohibition in 1855 he acquired land across the river in Canada where he established a distillery . . . Map (db m37377) HM
74 Ontario, Essex County, Windsor — The Detroit River
Near Riverside Drive West north of Ferry Street.
The Detroit River is unique in Canada, the United States and indeed, the world. Its shores embrace the largest metropolitan area on any international border - but rather than separating communities, the river connects them culturally and . . . Map (db m37378) HM
75 Ontario, Frontenac County, Kingston — Sir John Alexander Macdonald(1815-1891)
Near King Street East at West Street, on the right when traveling west.
English: This Kingston lawyer was the chief architect of Confederation, which led to the creation of the Dominion of Canada on July 1st, 1867. He was Canada's first Prime Minister and led the country for almost 19 years. The . . . Map (db m140200) HM
76 Ontario, Haldimand County, Cayuga — Flour Mill Stones
On Munsee Street North, 0.1 kilometers Echo Street West, on the right when traveling south.
In 1811 Matthew W. Smith located the site for a flour and saw mill here on the Dunnville Road, south of the village of Canborough. The mill was constructed later that year by Major Robinson and operated first by horses and then by water . . . Map (db m235440) HM
77 Ontario, Haldimand County, York — The Davis, Martindale Flour and Grist Mill of York
On Front Street South (Haldimand Highway 54) at Mill Street, on the right when traveling south on Front Street South (Haldimand Highway 54).
This was the site of a flour and grist mill that served the village of York and district for almost a century. The original mill built in the 1820's or 1830's had a water-wheel operated by water from the Grand River Navigation Co. dam at York. . . . Map (db m234917) HM
78 Ontario, Halton Region, Burlington, Aldershot — Aldershot Corners
On Plains Road East at Waterdown Road, on the right when traveling west on Plains Road East.
The intersection of Plains Road, Waterdown Road and Lasalle Park Road has always been a hub of activity and enterprise. The area surrounding these corners is rich in history and fabled for its market gardens. The settlement of Burlington Plains was . . . Map (db m243820) HM
79 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Business on the “Main Street” — Downtown BIA —
On Lakeshore Road East at George Street, on the right when traveling east on Lakeshore Road East.
The oldest commercial buildings date mostly from the 1846-57 period, when Oakville grew from a village of 500 to a newly-incorporated town of 2,000. Development of Old Oakville's commercial district started at Sixteen Mile Creek and grew east . . . Map (db m238571) HM
80 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Churches Schools and Taverns — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Trafalgar Road at Sumner Avenue, on the right when traveling north on Trafalgar Road.
Oakvilles churches, schools and taverns knit the community together and created a social support network. Taverns and inns were usually the first public buildings in Upper Canadian towns. They doubled as town halls, churches and courthouses. . . . Map (db m238672) HM
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81 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Colonel William Chisholm1788-1842
On Navy Street, 0.1 kilometers south of King Street, on the left when traveling south.
The founder of Oakville was born in Nova Scotia of Loyalist parents who moved to Burlington Bay in 1793. William served with distinction in the militia during the War of 1812. He settled in Nelson Township in 1816 and became a successful . . . Map (db m237075) HM
82 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Commercial Buildings — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Navy Street at William Street, on the right when traveling south on Navy Street.
William Chisholm’s first priorities for Oakville’s economic development were developing the harbour, building a grist and sawmill, and setting up a shipyard. This activity, along with the declaration of the harbour as a Port of Entry for . . . Map (db m238303) HM
83 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Early Leaders — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Navy Street at William Street, on the right when traveling south on Navy Street.
Oakville Heritage Trails Old Oakville Loop Early Leaders In addition to the founder William Chisholm, strong leadership from other citizens was important in developing Oakville into a town by 1857. One such person was Merrick . . . Map (db m237951) HM
84 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Industrial Change 1810 to 1870Pioneer Industry — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Cornwall Road, 0.2 kilometers west of Trafalgar Road, on the right when traveling east.
Water power from the Sixteen enabled the first industries to be established in Oakville. The first sawmill on the Sixteen was built near Upper Middle Road around 1810. William Chisholm built the first gristmill near the Speers Road bridge in 1833. . . . Map (db m242238) HM
85 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Lakeshore Road TavernsDowntown
On Lakeshore Road East near George Street, on the right when traveling east.
In Oakville, as in most of the area villages, the first public building to be erected was the tavern. Necessary way-stations in a land of arduous travel, taverns also provided meeting places for the new settlers to conduct business and enjoy . . . Map (db m241808) HM
86 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Leading Citizens — Downtown —
On Lakeshore Road East near George Street, on the right when traveling east.
Oakville’s early businessmen realized their success depended on the prosperity and attractiveness of the larger community. Many of them made civic affairs their business. Parks, sidewalks, road improvements, street lighting, public health and safety . . . Map (db m241701) HM
87 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Life “Over the Creek” — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Walker Street, 0.1 kilometers east of Chisholm Street, on the left when traveling west.
Tannery Park Life "Over the Creek" West Harbors history as a working class neighborhood began in the 1830s with William Chisholm's need to raise money for his ill-fated Oakville Hydraulic Company, which was to construct a dam on the . . . Map (db m237434) HM
88 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Oakville’s First Industrial EraPioneer Industry — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Cornwall Road, 0.2 kilometers west of Trafalgar Road, on the right when traveling east.
Industry prospered in Oakville during the 1840s to 1860s, with the establishment of foundries, tanneries and carriage works. In 1851 machinists John Doty and Ashley Hibberd built a foundry to manufacture sawmill equipment and steam engines. . . . Map (db m242252) HM
89 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Period Homes — Sixteen Mile Creek —
On Navy Street at William Street, on the right when traveling south on Navy Street.
The early settlers of Oakville, while full of optimism lacked formal training- there were few master builders or architects at the time. In fact, the shipbuilders who came to work for Chisholm in the shipyard also built many of the first houses . . . Map (db m238338) HM
90 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — The Lock-up & Town Hall — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Navy Street at William Street, on the right when traveling south on Navy Street.
An Act to incorporate the Town of Oakville was assented to on May 27th, 1857. The first council members were: Mayor G.K. Chisholm Farmer & Landowner Ward 1 R.K. Chisholm Customs Agent & Postmaster W.E. Hagaman General Merchant Ward . . . Map (db m238339) HM
91 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — The Oakville Basket CompanyPioneer Industry — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Cornwall Road, 0.2 kilometers west of Trafalgar Road, on the right when traveling east.
The manufacture of baskets, Oakville's longest lived industry, grew out of the area's flourishing fruit industry. Pioneer strawberry grower John Cross manufactured the first wooden berry baskets of his own design in the 1860s. John A. . . . Map (db m242253) HM
92 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — The Prosperous Years — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Trafalgar Road at Sumner Avenue, on the right when traveling north on Trafalgar Road.
During the 1830s, Oakville entered a prosperous era. Shipments of wheat and lumber made the harbour a busy focus of commercial activity. Steamships and stagecoaches carried passengers, mail and freight to and from Hamilton and York. William . . . Map (db m238668) HM
93 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — The Tannery — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Walker Street, 0.1 kilometers east of Chisholm Street, on the left when traveling west.
Oakville Heritage Trails Tannery Park Few enterprises influenced the lives of ordinary Oakville residents like the Marlatt & Armstrong Leather Co. did at the turn of the 20th Century. If you didn't work for the tannery, you smelled its . . . Map (db m237297) HM
94 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Then and Now — Downtown BIA —
On Lakeshore Road East at George Street, on the right on Lakeshore Road East.
Once, everyone from farmers to dowagers met and mingled on "Main Street." People knew all the merchants by their first names. Today, the friendliness remains, as well as much of the small-town charm, as Downtown Oakville develops its own blend of . . . Map (db m242154) HM
95 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — Vision for Oakville — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Navy Street at William Street, on the right when traveling south on Navy Street.
The first town survey was completed in 1833, enclosing an area bounded on the west by Brock Street, on the north by Rebecca and Randall Streets, and on the east by Allan Street. Road allowances were laid out in the standard grid pattern . . . Map (db m238336) HM
96 Ontario, Halton Region, Oakville — West Harbour — Sixteen Mile Creek Trail —
On Walker Street, 0.1 kilometers east of Chisholm Street, on the right when traveling east.
Oakville Heritage Trails Tannery Park Oakville founder William Chisholm's 1827 grant of land included about 300 acres of land west of Sixteen Mile Creek. By buying a parcel owned by James and Susannah Brock, he was able to extend the . . . Map (db m237941) HM
97 Ontario, Hamilton, Burlington Heights — Sir Allan Napier MacNab1798 - 1862
Near York Boulevard just north of Dundurn Street North, on the right when traveling north.
Politician, businessman, land speculator and soldier, Allan MacNab enjoyed a very public life. He was a successful lawyer and was appointed Upper Canada's first Queen's Counsel. In 1838 he was knighted for his role in suppressing the rebellion in . . . Map (db m66130) HM
98 Ontario, Hamilton — Hamilton Customs House / La Maison de la douane de Hamilton
On Stuart Street, 0.1 kilometers east of Bay Street North, on the right when traveling east.
[English] The former Customs House (1858-1860) is a fine example of the Italianate style of architecture which was popular in Canada from the 1840s through the 1870s. Inspired by Renaissance palazzi of Rome and Florence, Italianate buildings . . . Map (db m196259) HM
99 Ontario, Hamilton, Albion Falls — Albion Falls
Near Mountain Brow Boulevard.
European settlement began here in 1792 with William Davis (1741-1834), a United Empire Loyalist who left North Carolina to fight alongside the British in the American Revolution. Davis was granted 2300 acres in Barton and Saltfleet . . . Map (db m228834) HM
100 Ontario, Hamilton, Albion Falls — Albion Mills
On Mountain Brow Boulevard, 0.2 kilometers south of Limeridge Road East, on the left when traveling south.
This milling stone is all that remains of Albion Mills. The first mill, built about 1795 by Wm. Davis, contributed to the area's economic development. Settlers came and the land was cleared. Many of their early homes are within a short . . . Map (db m228965) HM

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May. 2, 2024